[01] Ta nea mesa kai h oytopia ths antikeimenikothtas

Tria zhthmata, metajy allwn, katexoyn kentrikh qesh sthn praktikh ths dhmosiografias kai stis qewrhtikes syzhthseis gia th dhmosiografia: Prwton, oi ``dhmosiografikes ajies'', poy aforoyn thn epilogh twn gegonotwn ta opoia qa problhqoyn apo ta MME. Deyteron, h thrhsh twn kanonwn dhmosiografikhs deontologias, oi opoioi ryqmizoyn seira ocewn ths epaggelmatikhs symperiforas twn dhmosiografwn. Triton, h antikeimenikothta toy dhmosiografoy kata thn kalych twn gegonotwn, poy afora thn analloiwth paroysiash twn prajewn kai twn apocewn twn atomwn poy prwtagwnistoyn se ayta ta gegonota. Fysika, ektos twn ws anw yparxoyn akoma polla shmantika zhthmata sthn praktikh kai th qewria ths dhmosiografias, opws l.x. o rolos ths idiokthsias twn MME, h morfh ths xrhmatodothshs, h sxesh me to politiko systhma, oi phges twn plhroforiwn k.a., ta opoia, oso shmantika ki an einai, exoyn enan ligotero h perissotero, ejwgenh xarakthra pros sthn paragwgh twn eidhsewn.

To problhma ths antikeimenikothtas

Sthn kritikh twn MME, metajy twn triwn zhthmatwn, isws th megalyterh prosoxh exei proselkysei h antikeimenikothta twn eidhsewn, twn logwn poy odhgoyn sthn parabiash ths, kaqws epishs kai ti mporei na ginei prokeimenoy na threitai. H anazhthsh ths antikeimenikothtas den einai kati kainoyrgio. Emfanizetai me thn idia th dhmosiografia. Se ekeinh th makrinh epoxh phre th morfh toy diaxwrismoy twn apocewn apo tis ajies (tis ypokeimenikes ajiologhseis). H syzhthsh gia thn antikeimenikothta twn eidhsewn gnwrise nees diastaseis me thn anadeijh toy roloy ths idiokthsias twn MME kai idiaitera me th dhmioyrgia twn idiwtikwn alla kai toy kratikoy monopwlioy sta MME, me thn emfash poy doqhke sth shmasia ths ideologias kata th diamorfwsh twn eidhsewn, me thn eisbolh ths diafhmishs ston Typo kai argotera sta ypoloipa MME, me th strofh sthn emporeymatopoihsh kok. Wstoso, opws qa ypogrammisei enas dieqnws gnwstos melethths twn eidhsewn, o S. Allan, h anazhthsh ths antikeimenikothtas, mallon apotelei endeijh oti den yparxei antikeimenikothta.

Shmera mporoyme pleon na yposthrijoyme me perissotera stoixeia kai epixeirhmata oti antikeimenikothta den yparxei oxi giati kapoioi thn parabiazoyn h den ajiopoioyn tis diaqesimes dynatothtes gia na thn katakthsoyn. Opwsdhpote symbainoyn ki ayta. Den yparxei antikeimenikothta epeidh den mporei na yparjei antikeimenikothta. Kai den mporei na yparjei antikeimenikothta epeidh oi eidhseis einai ena adiaireto synolo gegonotwn kai apocewn. Akribestera, synistoyn probolh orismenwn gegonotwn ypo to prisma orismenwn apocewn, oi opoies proballontai me th morfh mias anqrwpokentrikhs istorias (stori). Antikeimenikothta den yparxei oyte kata thn epilogh oyte kata th diamorfwsh toy gegonotos ws eidhseografikhs istorias. Qa mporoyse h dhmosiografikh apotypwsh twn gegonotwn na einai antikeimenikh, an xrhsimopoioyse th meqodologia twn koinwnikwn episthmwn. Alla tote den qa htan dhmosiografikh.

Sthn kalyterh periptwsh, ws antikeimenikothta qa mporoyse na oristei h apotypwsh twn gegonotwn ypo to prisma twn pio diadomenwn apocewn. Ayto omws den kanei tis eidhseis antikeimenikes. Epipleon de, oi eidhseis symballoyn ta megista wste orismenes apoceis na ginoyn h na synexisoyn na einai epikratoyses. Gi? ayto kai h megalh maxh gia thn epikrathsh ths mias h ths allh ekdoxhs twn gegonotwn stis eidhseis htan kai qa parameinei shmantikh.

H antikeimenikothta kai ta nea mesa

Ta perissotera apo ayta omws ta jeroyme exontas melethsei th dhmosiografia sta palia mesa. To erwthma poy egeiretai einai ti symbainei me ta nea mesa. Kanoyn pio piqanh h akoma pio apiqanh thn antikeimenikothta; Dystyxws h eytyxws, ta nea mesa (to diadiktyo kai oi epimeroys kathgories periexomenoy toy diadiktyoy, opws oi istoselides kai ta mesa koinwnikhs diktywshs) kanoyn akoma pio emfanh thn elleich antikeimenikothtas. Gia thn akribeia, kanoyn akoma pio emfanes to gegonos oti oi eidhseis einai gegonota poy apotypwnontai mesa apo to diaqlastiko filtro orismenwn apocewn. Oi tropoi me toys opoioys symbainei einai polloi.

Ta nea, chfiaka mesa einai to texnologiko periballon entos toy opoioy syxna anqei h plasmatikh h dynhtikh (virtual) synqesh twn gegonotwn (p.x. Grafika), h opoia exei sxesh me to pws qewroyme to gegonos kai oxi pws exei symbei. Ta dhmosiografika keimena poy anartwntai sto diadiktyo, toso sthn hlektronikh ekdosh twn efhmeridwn oso poly perissotero stis eidhseografikes pyles syxna sxoliazontai me h xwris stoixeia, o syntakths epanerxetai kai telikws mesa apo ayth th dialogikh diadikasia erxetai sthn epifaneia kati poy htan ligotero emfanes sta palia mesa: Oti h dhmosiografia, symperilambanomenhs ths eidhseografias, einai plaisiwsh enos gegonotos me apoceis. H sygxronh koinwnia xreiazetai poly megalyterh plhroforhsh se sxesh me to parelqon, gia logoys koinwnikoys, politikoys, oikonomikoys k.a. Poly megalytero omws ogko plhroforiwn xreiazontai kai ta nea mesa, logw kai toy plhqoys twn fwnwn se ayta. Ws ek toytoy

Anepibebaiwta h kai anyparkta gegonota pareisfreoyn sthn eidhseografikh roh twn newn meswn, opws l.x. synebh prosfata sth xwra mas se egkyra diadiktyaka mesa me thn anaparagwgh ths fwtografias ths Akropolhs, fwtismenhs me ta xrwmata ths gallikhs shmaias. Gegonota kommatiazontai gia dhmioyrghqoyn polles eidhseis poy symplhrwnontai me plhqos sxoliwn h kai megeqynontai anakribws. H sxoliastikh plhroforia, h ermhneia, apokta olo kai pio eyreia qesh sth dhmosiografia twn newn meswn.

To prohgoymeno epiteinetai apo thn ayjanomenh xrhsh twn newn meswn gia prosbash toy koinoy sthn eidhseografia. Stis HPA l.x., mesa se dyo xronia (2013-2015), to pososto twn xrhstwn poy diabazoyn eidhseis sto Facebook ayjhqhke apo 52% se 63% kai sto Twitter apo 47% se 63%. Ayto exei kai alles synepeies. Ephreazei l.x. to eidos twn dhmosiografikwn istoriwn poy (anagkazontai na) paragoyn oi dhmosiografoi. H xrhsh twn newn meswn kai eidika twn meswn koinwnikhs diktywshs apo toys dhmosiografoys, opws edeije sxetikh ereyna, toys odhgei se mia pio proxeirh diadikasia paragwghs twn eidhsewn, kati poy episyrei kai thn kykloforia megalyteroy ariqmoy anakribws gegonotwn. Ektos apo th megalyterh proxeirothta me thn opoia proetoimazetai h eidhsh sta mesa koinwnikhs diktywshs, parathroyntai kai megalytera pososta parabiashs twn kanonwn dhmosiografikhs deontologias. To eidos ths dhmosiografias to opoio teinei na epikrathsei sta Mesa Koinwnikhs diktywshs (l.x. Twitter), xarakthrizetai ws ``dhmosiografia ths perirreoysas atmosfairas'' - h ``dhmosiografia toy syrmoy'' - (ambinet journalism) kai oxi ws aytoy poy kata paradosh leme ``alhqeia''. Ston klonismo ths ideas ths antikeimenikothtas syneisferoyn akoma dyo basikes parametroi twn newn meswn.

H taxythta ejaplwshs ths (proxeirhs, anakriboys k.lp.) plhroforias. H ektash ejaplwshs ayths ths plhroforias (praktika, se olh thn yfhlio).

Se ayta prepei na prosqesoyme ws pollaplasiastiko paragonta th ``dhmosiografia twn politwn'', gia thn opoia perissotero ginetai syzhthsh sth qewria para yparxei sthn prajh. H ``dhmosiografia twn politwn'' syndeetai me arketes apo tis ptyxes poy proanaferqhkan kai apomakrynoyn th dhmosiografia akoma perissotero apo thn antikeimenikothta.

10) Ta nea mesa syneisferoyn sthn amfisbhthsh ths ideas peri antikeimenikothtas kai me enan akoma tropo. H eleysh toy diadiktyoy, o employtismos toy me periexomeno kai h ejaplwsh ths xrhshs toy, aytonoma h se syndyasmo me alloys paragontes synebalan se mia aney prohgoymenoy krish ajiopistias twn paliwn meswn. Ayto, se syndyasmo me to gegonos oti to diadiktyo mporei na filojenhsei ta pio apiqana qemata kai tis pio paradojes apoceis, exei sxedon pagiwsei thn idea oti ta mesa oyte einai oyte mporoyn oyte qeloyn na einai antikeimenika.

Isws einai peritto omws prepei na tonisoyme oti polloi akoma paragontes sto sygxrono astaqes periballon, kanoyn emfanes pws h antikeimenikothta einai oytopia. Tetoios paragontas einai oi oikonomikes, polemikes kai anqrwpistikes kriseis, poy symballoyn se entonoterh strateysh twn meswn. Ta teleytaia xronia thn Ellada ayto to zoyme entonotera apo kaqe allo lao ths Eyrwphs. Stis kriseis aytes ta nea mesa antidroyn me megalyterh taxythta, sfodrothta kai employtismeno periexomeno.

Ti mporoyme na kanoyme;

Lambanontas ypoch ta prohgoymena, xreiazetai, metajy allwn, na ginoyn toylaxiston tessera pragmata:

Na enswmatwqoyn oi dhmosiografoi paliwn kai newn meswn se nea, eniaia kai sygxrona plaisia epaggelmatikwn enwsewn me stoxo na anabaqmistei h askhsh toy dhmosiografikoy epaggelmatos kai na prostateytei apo thn kratikh kai thn ergodotikh logokrisia - h opoia einai kai h pleon diadomenh shmera morfh logokrisias. Na qesmoqethqei h anejarthth episthmonikh parakoloyqhsh ths symperiforas twn meswn, toso twn newn oso kai twn paliwn, idiaitera se oti afora to eidhseografiko toys periexomeno. H gnwsh ayth prepei na diaxeetai sthn koinh gnwmh, se pio ektetamenh kai diaforetikh bash apo ayth twn ryqmistikwn arxwn. Na threitai me oloys tropoys poy epitrepoyn o nomos kai h deontologia, o sebasmos twn gegonotwn, opws kai alles ryqmiseis sxetika me th dhmosiothta. Pros toyto einai xrhsimh h syndromh ths ws anw parakoloyqhshs. Na diereynhqei h politikh ths ishs probolhs twn diaforetikwn apocewn, eidika se shmeia kamphs opws einai l.x. oi proeklogikes periodoi.

Ta keimena poy filojenoyntai sth sthlh ``Idees kai Apoceis'' toy APE- MPE dhmosieyontai aytoysia kai aphxoyn tis apoceis twn syggrafewn kai oxi toy praktoreioy.

[02] Anaxronistiko, akatallhlo kai adiejodo to Asfalistiko, symfwna me to Potami

Epishs giati prowqei koinoys kanones alla einai oi laqos kanones, exei eispraktiko xarakthra me polles ``krymmenes ponhries'', dinei sxetika ychles paroxes me liga xronia ki enqarrynei thn prowrh syntajiodothsh.

Symfwna me to Potami h elleich antapodotikothtas metatrepei to olo systhma se timwrhtiko foro sthn ergasia enw epi ths oysias ayto poy epixeireitai einai h diathrhsh, gia liga xronia akoma, enos xreokophmenoy dianemhtikoy systhmatos mesw ths ypermetrhs epibarynshs twn shmerinwn asfalismenwn, kyriws twn aytoapasxoloymenwn me sxetika ychla eisodhmata, twn dipla apasxoloymenwn, twn dhmosiwn ypallhlwn kai twn ergazomenwn me mplokakia, oi opoioi asfalizontai ws misqwtoi kai aytoapasxoloymenoi kai qa plhrwnoyn diples eisfores akomh kai gia thn ygeia.

``H alhqeia einai oti meiwseis qa ypostoyn osoi lambanoyn apo kyria kai epikoyrikh panw apo 1.300 meikta kai 1.170 kaqara'', yposthrizei to Potami kai milaei gia emmonh se ena adiejodo systhma, einai bebaio oti qa odhghsei se ena faylo kyklo synexoys peridinhshs.

To Potami proteinei ena montelo triwn pylwnwn (eqnikh syntajh, atomikos logariasmos, epaggelmatikh asfalish). Ena tetoio montelo diakrinei toys roloys ths koinwnikhs kai epaggelmatikhs allhleggyhs. Ierarxei proteraiothtes kai afhnei pedio eyelijias gia apokliseis apo ton meso oro, xwris aytes na epibarynoyn tritoys, opws shmeiwnei.

[03] Le Monde: Mia ebdomada gia na epiteyxqei symfwnia gia to xreos kai tis metarryqmiseis

Exei hdh programmatistei neo Eurogroup gia thn Pempth 28 Aprilioy, kata to opoio qa mporoyse na yparjei politikh symfwnia sxetika me th lista twn oikonomikwn metrwn poy h Aqhna diapragmateyetai me toys daneistes ths apo tis arxes toy 2016. H lista ayth anamenetai na egkriqei syntoma. "Ektos apo kapoies leptomereies, plhsiazoyme", diabebaiwnan xqes sto Amsterntam phges proskeimenes sto qema.

Ta metra ayta poy antistoixoyn se ejoikonomhsh ths tajhs toy 3% toy ellhnikoy AEP (peripoy 5 dis eyrw) einai aparaithta gia thn ektamieysh mias neas doshs toy daneioy gia thn Aqhna sto plaisio toy tritoy programmatos bohqeias pros th xwra, ycoys 86 dis eyrw, poy apofasisthke ton Aygoysto toy 2015.

Ena prosqeto paketo metrwn, peripoy 2% toy AEP (htoi 3,5 dis eyrw) egine epishs omofwna dekto xqes, akomh kai apo ton Ellhna ypoyrgo Oikonomikwn, Eykleidh Tsakalwto, xwris enqoysiasmo wstoso apo thn antiproswpia poy ton synodeye, shmeiwse h efhmerida. "Prokeitai gia mia asfaleia", epeshmane to ektelestiko melos ths Eyrwpaikhs Kentrikhs Trapezas, Mpenoya Kere, ena paketo prosqetwn oikonomiwn, to opoio qa ylopoihqei mono se periptwsh poy ta dhmosia oikonomika ths Elladas apomakrynqoyn poly apo thn poreia poy exoyn xarajei oi pistwtes ths.

H protash ayth feretai na egine apo ton Germano ypoyrgo Oikonomikwn, Bolfgkangk Soimple, kata tis earines synodoys toy DNT sth Oyasigkton apo 15 ews 17 Aprilioy me stoxo na perioristoyn oi diafores metajy afenos ths EKT, toy EMS kai ths Eyrwpaikhs Epitrophs kai afeteroy toy DNT, to opoio apo to kalokairi toy 2015 distazei na synexisei thn paroxh bohqeias pros thn Ellada.

Oi epikefalhs ths apostolhs twn qesmwn anamenetai na epistrecoyn sthn Aqhna to Sabbatokyriako wste na kleisoyn th diapragmateysh me thn ellhnikh kybernhsh sxetika me thn "eggyhsh" twn 3,5 dis eyrw. O stoxos einai h epiteyjh symfwnias ews tis 28 Aprilioy. H Aqhna qetei wstoso toys oroys ths: den epiqymei na diatypwqoyn analytika oi metarryqmiseis poy qa mporoysan na odhghsoyn sthn prosqeth ejoikonomhsh. Epishs, h Aqhna den dexetai na anagkastei, gia allh mia fora, na peirajei tis syntajeis twn Ellhnwn poy ypesthsan megales meiwseis apo to 2010.

[04] To ainigma toy ejafanismenoy ploioy sth Mesogeio

Opws grafei, synhqws briskontai tekmhria toy nayagioy entos ligwn wrwn. Aythn th fora, omws, oyte h ellhnikh aktofylakh, oyte h FRONTEX exoyn entopisei kati. Estw kai an prokeitai gia mia ektash 2,1 ekatommyriwn tetragwnikwn xiliometrwn ths Mesogeioy, ayto einai asynhqisto, anaferei h efhmerida.

Oi mones, mh asfaleis, plhrofories jekinoyn apo th Somalia kai thn Aigypto kai ftanoyn ws thn Eyrwph, enw, opws shmeiwnei, xwris toys epizwntes den qa gnwrizame isws tipota, afoy qa toys eixe katapiei oloys h qalassa.

Oi prwtes plhrofories proerxontai apo 41 epizwntes, oi opoioi perisyneleghsan apo ena filippineziko forthgo ploio 175 xiliometra apo thn Pylo. Oi 37 poy eftasan to Sabbato to prwi sthn Kalamata hqelan na pane sthn Italia.

Piqanon na jekinhsan apo to Tomproyk ths Libyhs me proorismo th Sardhnia. Htan 240 synolika, kata mia martyria Somaloy diaswqenta. Meta apo wres sth qalassa oi laqrodiakinhtes qelhsan na toys epibibasoyn se ena ploio mhkoys 30 metrwn, sto opoio epebainan hdh alloi 300 anqrwpoi, piqanon apo thn Aigypto. Ayto to ploiario byqisthke kata thn prospaqeia epibibashs toys. Mporesan na swqoyn monon osoi hjeran kolympi kai epestrecan sto prwto skafos.

Enas Aiqiopas eipe oti h gynaika toy kai to paidi toy pnighkan mprosta sta matia toy kai oti synolika pnighkan 500 anqrwpoi. Ta erwthma einai omws poy. Qa mporoyse na einai kapoy metajy Libyhs kai Krhths.

[05] ``O anqrwpismos den einai ploio poy gemizei'' leei o Mp. Ramelof sto APE-MPE

O Germanos politikos dieykrinizei, oti ``edw kai enan xrono exoyme proetoimasqei sth Qoyriggia? En tw metajy ayjhsame th xwrhtikothta twn egkatastasewn ypodoxhs apo 500 se 2.000 qeseis. Oi dynatothtes ypodoxhs poy diaqetoyme einai se megalo baqmo anekmetalleytes''.

Sto erwthma an exei sygkatateqei en tw metajy h omospondiakh kybernhsh apanta: ``Dystyxws den exoyme proxwrhsei toso poly. H prosfora bohqeias poy kaname htan ena bhma gia na epejergasqoyme ena sxedio drashs''.

Ws pros to an oi prosfyges ths Eidomenhs mporoynna elpizoyn pragmatika akoma oti qa pane sth Qoyriggia, o Ramelof diabebaiwnei oti ``ean to epiqymei h ellhnikh kybernhsh kai dwsei biza h omospondiakh kybernhsh ths Germanias, tote qa thrhsoyme thn yposxesh mas. Einai omws kai safes oti ayth h prosfora einai mia eidikh prajh me thn opoia qa ejafanistei apaj dia pantos aytos o apanqrwpos kataylismos''. Parallhla omws ``h Eyrwph prepei epiteloys na ejasfalisei th diamonh twn prosfygwn me allhleggyo tropo katanemontas toys isomerws se oles tis xwres'', opws leei.

[06] Th M. Deytera sth Lesbo h basilissa ths Iordanias, Rania

H basilissa Rania qa episkefqei toys prosfyges poy filojenoyntai ston anoikto kataylismo prosfygwn ston Kara Tepe, poy leitoyrgei ypo thn eyqynh toy Dhmoy Lesboy kalesmenh ths dieqnoys anqrwpistikhs organwshs IRC.

[07] Se klima baqias sygkinhshs to ``ystato xaire'' ston Gerasimo Arsenh

Ypodeigma proswpikoy hqoys kai politikhs synepeias, me idiaiterh episthmonikh eparkeia kai enan idiaitera shmantiko anqrwpo poy afhse to apotypwma toy sthn politikh istoria ths xwras, xarakthrise ton Gerasimo Arsenh o prwqypoyrgos Alejhs Tsipras apeyqynontas ton teleytaio xairetismo toy kata thn ejodio akoloyqia, sthn opoia xorostathse o arxiepiskopos Aqhnwn kai pashs Elladas Ierwnymos, paroysia toy Proedroy ths Dhmokratias Prokoph Paylopoyloy. ``Eixa thn tyxh kai th xara na synomilw ews prosfata me ton Gerasimo Arsenh, na ton akoyw kai na ton symboyleyomai'', apokalyce o k. Tsipras kai shmeiwse pws ``h diaygeia ths skechs toy kai h kaqarothta ths proswpikhs toy diadromhs exoyn kerdisei ton sebasmo olwn mas''. ``H politikh toy parakataqhkh kai h pisth toy se ena sosialismo me bebaia rizospastika koinwnika kai dhmokratika xarakthristika apoteloyn mia ypodeigmatikh symbolh se enan dikaio agwna poy twra diejagetai. Enan agwna poy telika qa kerdhqei'', prosqese o prwqypoyrgos.

To egkwmio toy Gerasimoy Arsenh, se anafora toys sthn proswpikh kai politikh toy drash alla kai sthn parakataqhkh poy afhse, eplejan, epishs, stoys epikhdeioys logoys poy ekfwnhsan nwritera, o prwhn nomarxhs Kefalonias Gerasimos Metajas, o Swthrhs Moysoyrhs, prwhn epikoyros genikos grammateas toy OHE, o dhmosiografos Stayros Lygeros kai o proedros ths Boylhs twn Antiproswpwn ths Kypriakhs Dhmokratias Giannakhs Omhroy.

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