[01] O ... Pyrgos toy Aifel kai ena kastro apo ta paramyqia sta Filiatra

Ta Filiatra einai ktismena sto dytiko akro toy N. Messhnias, konta stis aktes toy Ionioy Pelagoys, se ycometro 70 m. kai me plhqysmo 9.334 katoikoys. Einai topiko agrotiko kai emporiko kentro, brisketai se mia eyforh perioxh poy kalliergoyntai elaiodentra, khpeytika, ampelia , syka kai esperidoeidh kai sth boreia eisodo ths polhs brisketai ena pisto antigrafo toy parisinoy mnhmeioy.

Prokeitai gia ena omoiwma mikrwn diastasewn (26m.), poy filotexnhqhke ton perasmeno aiwna apo ton katagomeno apo ta Filiatra glypth, Xary Foyrnie (to alhqino toy onoma einai X. Foyrnarakhs), opws dhlwse sto APE-MPE h dhmotikh symboylos, Qeodwra Lebentoyrh, ypeyqynh sto tmhma politistikwn.

O Pyrgos toy Aifel sta Filiatra, anakataskeyasthke apo ton dhmo to 2007 kai apotelei shmeio anaforas gia thn polh, toys katoikoys kai ta toyristika gkroyp, poy episkeptontai thn perioxh.

Malista, o mallon idiorryqmos aytos kallitexnhs den arkesthke mono sto na filotexnhsei ton Pyrgoy toy Aifel, alla kataskeyase, thn idia epoxh, kai to ... kastro twn paramyqiwn, poy brisketai ston Agrilh Filiatrwn, liga xiliometra ejw apo thn polh kai apotelei enan apo toys pio dhmofileis proorismoys gia kaqe tajidiwth. H eikona toy kastroy moiazei na exei "jephdhsei" apo alles epoxes, poy oloi mas- ligo h poly- exoyme tajideysei noera: se kastra poy zoysan neraides kai jwtika.

To kastro- mazi me to terastio alogo poy brisketai sto plai toy, poy ws allos Doyreios Ippos, sto eswteriko toy, palia, eixe biblioqhkh- alla kai oi terasties epiblhtikes figoyres ths Aqhnas kai toy Poseidwna, mazi me toys hrwes ths Epanastashs toy 1821- ftiaxthke ``gia na qymizei se oloys mas, etsi me th qwria toy, ta paramyqia poy glyka mas elege h giagia mas''. H idiokthsia toy metabibasthke sto Morfwtiko Syllogo ``Pyrso'' to 1984.

An breqeite sta Filiatra, ajizei na episkefqeite, epishs, ton Iero Nao Metamorfwshs Swthros, sth Xristianoypolh, poy apotelei ena mnhmeio ekklhsiastikhs arxitektonikhs kai sygkatalegetai sta shmantikotera mnhmeiaka sygkrothmata ths byzantinhs periodoy, "isws malista to shmantikotero meta ton Iero Nao ths Agias Sofias", opws epishmane xarakthristika h k. Lebentoyrh.

Apoteleitai apo to ktisma toy naoy, poy anhkei ston arxitektoniko typo toy hpeirwtikoy oktagwnikoy kai to Episkopeio kai kata ton mesaiwna apoteloyse ton mhtropolitiko nao ths mhtropolhs Xristianoypolews. Sto telos de toy 11oy aiwna egine arxiepiskoph kai synexise na yfistatai ews thn katakthsh ths Peloponnhsoy apo toys Fragkoys, to 1205. Ws mhtropolh epibiwse ews to 1833, opote h edra ths metaferqhke sthn Kyparissia. Megalo tmhma ths anwdomhs toy naoy katerreyse to 1886, kata th diarkeia isxyroy seismoy. Anasthlwtikes ergasies sto kwdwnostasio pragmatopoihqhkan th dietia 1997- 1998. Wstoso, oi ergasies synolikhs apokatastashs kai sterewshs, se ylopoihsh ths hdh yparxoysa egkekrimenhs meleths, epiballontai oxi mono gia logoys istorikoys, alla kai gia logoys asfaleias, afoy h stereothta toy Naoy qewreitai episfalhs.

Sta "ajizei na deis" toy Dhmoy, symperilambanontai ta sintribania ths polhs, sthn kentrikh plateia kai s' aythn toy Agioy Andrea, filotexnhmena apo Flwrentinoys texnites gyrw sto 1800, toys paraqalassioys oikismoys Agias Kyriakhs, Agrilh kai Limenari- diejodo twn Filiatrwn pros th qalassa kai thn organwmenh paralia toy Stomioy- opws kai thn ammwdh paralia toy Lagkoybardoy, h opoia prosferetai kai gia serfingk.

H Istoria toy Dhmoy Filiatrwn

H polh phre thn onomasia ths, symfwna me tis ekdoxes poy exoyn diatypwqei, eite apo ton Fragko Barono Nte Filiatr eite logw twn pollwn phgadiwn (frear - phgadi) poy yphrxan (apo thn ejelijh ths lejhs frear - frhar - frhr - flhtron - fleatron - filiatron kai ston plhqyntiko filiatra).

Symfwna de me istorika stoixeia, sth perioxh twn Filiatrwn yphrxe zwh apo th Liqinh Epoxh. Ayto apodeiknyetai apo toys liqinoys pelekeis kai ta ergaleia poy breqhkan ston ajona toy potamoy "Kroynoi" kai xronologoyntai apo th sygkekrimenh periodo. Kata th Neoliqikh Epoxh, sth perioxh twn Filiatrwn yphrxe oikismos prwtogonwn anqrwpwn. Ayto qemeliwnetai kai apo ta polyariqma sphlaia poy briskontai anatolika twn Filiatrwn. Sta arxaia xronia, sthn perioxh ths Agias Kyriakhs yphrxe ktismenos oikismos me to onoma Erana. Sthn idia perioxh yphrxan kai oi mikroteroi oikismoi Arhnh, Aliartos kai Ermakas (Armakadia).

H perioxh htan eyforh kai ploysia, enw oi katoikoi ths phran meros ston Trwiko Polemo, ypo ton basilia ths Pyloy, Nestora. To iero ths Eranas pisteyetai oti htan afierwmeno ston Eranaio Poseidwna. S' ayton, allwste, apodidetai h marmarinh kefalh wraiotatoy agalmatos, poy breqhke poly konta sto iero. Dystyxws, to polytimo agalma xaqhke kata th germanikh katoxh. Panw sta ereipia toy ieroy ths Arxaias Eranas, anoikodomhqhke ton 4o aiwna m.X. pentaklitos palaioxristianikh ekklhsia.

Kata th diarkeia anaskafwn s' aythn, breqhkan 345 nomismata poy xronologoyntai 1500 xronia prin thn anoikodomhsh ths. Shmera, briskontai sto Arxaiologiko Moyseio Aqhnwn. Meta thn apeleyqerwsh toy 1821, oi katoikoi poy den gnwrizan thn arxaiologikh ajia twn mnhmeiwn kai twn ereipiwn katestrecan ta panta, prokeimenoy na ta xrhsimopoihsoyn gia proswpikh toys xrhsh.

Metajy allwn, ta Filiatra diadramatisan shmantiko rolo kata th diarkeia ths toyrkokratias, afoy polloi Filiatrinoi yphrjan agwnistes, Filikoi (Al. Loykopoylos) kai oplarxhgoi. Xarakthristikh einai h istoria ths Leniws Blastoy, poy me to paidi ths agkalia phdhse sto gkremo gia na mhn atimastei apo toys Toyrkalbanoys, kaqws kai toy Panagh Lelwnh, poy kremasthke apo toys Toyrkoys.

Prwtos Dhmarxos twn Filiatrwn dioristhke o Zaxarias Nik. Pasxaligkos. Apo tote mexri to 1886, poy tromeros seismos katestrece th polh kai thn endoxwra ths, ta Filiatra gnwrisan megalh oikonomikh kai koinwnikh akmh. Apo ta mikra limania ths Agias Kyriakhs kai toy Agrilioy ginotan ejagwgh twn kyrioterwn proiontwn ths perioxhs: ladia, krasia, stafides. To emporio ginotan apeyqeias- xwris mesazontes- me thn Tergesth, th Neapolh, to Liborno kai to Londino.

Apo ta Filiatra o ``Mixahl Aggelos'' twn HPA

Enas apo toys shmantikoteroys zwgrafoys, o Kwnstantinos Mproymidhs (1806-1880), poy gennhqhke sthn Italia, htan ellhnikhs katagwghs. H ellhnikh paroysia einai anejithla apotypwmenh sto Kapitwlio ths Oyasigkton, kaqws to kosmoyn oi toixografies toy Ellhna metanasth, o opoios xarakthristhke ws o ``Mixahl Aggelos'' twn Hnwmenwn Politeiwn. O Kwnstantinos Mproymidhs gennhqhke to 1806 sth Rwmh kai peqane sthn Oyasigkton to 1880.

O pateras toy htan apo ta Filiatra kai eixe fygei sthn Italia gia na glitwsei apo toys diwgmoys twn Toyrkwn. To 1849 o K. Mproymidhs metanasteyse stis HPA gia na zwgrafisei, epi 25 oloklhra xronia, ton eswteriko xwro ths Rotontas toy Amerikanikoy Kapitwlioy. Oi toixografies toy yparxoyn mexri kai shmera.

[02] Synexizontai oi taraxes

Epishs, antikybernhtikoi diadhlwtes ebalan fwtia kai sta grafeia toy thleoptikoy diktyoy Channel 3 kai -symfwna me ekproswpo ths pyrosbestikhs yphresias- ekato anqrwpoi exoyn pagideytei sto ktirio.

Ekproswpos toy stratoy dhlwse oti elikopetro estalh sthn perioxh gia n'arxisei thn ekkenwsh toy ktirioy, enw oi tailandikes arxes edwsan entolh sta thleoptika diktya ths xwras na metadidoyn apokleistika kai monon programmata egkekrimena apo tis idies.

"Yparxoyn polles pyrkages sthn polh symperilambanomenhs kai ayths sto Central World", ena apo ta megalytera emporika kentra ths prwteyoysas, to opoio paremene kleisto tis teleytaies ebdomades, dhlwse ekproswpos ths pyrosbestikhs yphresias.

Nwritera, oi arxhgoi twn "kokkinwn poykamiswn" kalesan toys opadoys toys na stamathsoyn tis diadhlwseis kai sth synexeia paradoqhkan sthn astynomia, ystera apo thn epiqesh poy ejapelyse o stratos enantion toy toy aytosxedioy "stratopedoy" twn antikybernhtikwn diadhlwtwn sto kentro ths prwteyoysas ths Tailandhs.

Stis shmerines epixeirhseis toy stratoy, toylaxiston pente anqrwpoi exasan th zwh toys kai 50 einai traymaties, symfwna me eidhseografika praktoreia alla kai thn astynomia sthn Mpangkok.

Anamesa sta qymata kai enas Italos fwtoreporter, o Fampio Polengki, ton opoio anagnwrise filos toy apo ta thleoptika plana poy metadoqhkan, symfwna me to italiko praktoreio eidhsewn ANSA.

O 45xronos Polengki, o opoios eixe ws edra toy to Milano, briskotan sthn Tailandh ws apestalmenos diaforwn periodikwn.

Enas deyteros dhmosiografos, Ollandos yphkoos, noshleyetai. Den einai gnwsto poia einai h sobarothta twn traymatwn ta opoia ypesth.

Sto metajy, to praktoreio Roiter, epikaloymeno aytopth martyra, metadidei oti tritos dhmosiografos, enas Kanados, traymatisthke sobara otan treis xeirobombides ejerraghsan konta sto aytosxedio stratopedo twn antikybernhtikwn diadhlwtwn.

"Ypo elegxo" to stratopedo

O stratos ths Tailandhs anakoinwse oti stamata thn epixeirhsh ekkenwshs toy stratopedoy twn antikybernhtikwn diadhlwtwn sto kentro ths Mpangkok, to opoio pleon einai "ypo elegxo", symfwna me ekproswpo ths astynomias, enw parallhla to ypoyrgeio Amynas anakoinwse oti thn Tetarth to brady qa epiblhqei apagoreysh kykloforias sthn prwteyoysa.

Apo thn pleyra toys, oi arxhgoi twn "kokkinwn poykamiswn" kalesan toys opadoys toys na stamathsoyn tis diadhlwseis kai sth synexeia paradoqhkan sthn astynomia, ystera apo thn epiqesh poy ejapelyse o stratos enantion toy stratopedoy toys.

"Stamatame tis diadhlwseis mas twra", dhlwse o Natagioyt Saikoyar, enas apo toys basikoys hgetes twn diadhlwtwn, apeyqynomenos sta xiliades "kokkina poykamisa" poy htan sygkentrwmena sthn perioxh ths prwteyoysas poy eixan katalabei apo tis arxes Aprilioy.

"To jerw oti einai aparadekto gia orismenoys apo emas kai oti merikoi den qeloyn oyte na to akoysoyn, alla den mporoyme pleon na antistaqoyme", prosqese.

"Prosferoyme thn eleyqeria mas me antallagma thn asfaleia sas. Kaname o,ti mporoysame", katelhje. "Zhtw ap' oloys sas na epistrecete spitia sas".

Ligo meta th dhlwsh ayth, oi diadhlwtes arxisan na egkataleipoyn to stratopedo, enw epeisodia ejaloyqoyn na shmeiwnontai sth gyrw perioxh, symfwna me martyria dhmosiografoy toy gallikoy praktoreioy eidhsewn.

Ta "Kokkina Poykamisa" jekinhsan tis diadhlwseis sta mesa Martioy, zhtwntas thn paraithsh toy prwqypoyrgoy Ampxisit Betzaziba kai thn prokhryjh eklogwn.

Ektote, exoyn skotwqei perissotera apo 70 atoma kai exoyn traymatistei panw apo 1.700.

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