[01] Sto epikentro o koinwnikos dialogos

O k. Papakwnstantinoy apedwse to klima twn piesewn se enan syndyasmo kerdoskopikwn kinhsewn, tis opoies xarakthrise "klasikes", kai ths "anypomonhsias" twn etairwn mas sthn Eyrwpaikh Enwsh, oi opoioi epeigontai na doyn apotelesmata apo thn ellhnikh oikonomia.

Ola ayta, opws anefere o k. Papakwnstantinoy, exoyn sxesh me thn elleich ajiopistias ths xwras, katastash thn opoia h shmerinh kybernhsh klhronomhse apo thn prohgoymenh.

H kybernhsh, pantws, qelei na peisei tis dieqneis agores kai toys etairoys, opws epeise kai toys Ellhnes polites, oti oi prospaqeies qa synexistoyn mexri na yparjoyn apotelesmata. Oles oi prospaqeies ths kybernhshs, opws eipe o k. Papakwnstantinoy, qa perasoyn mesa apo to programma staqerothtas kai anaptyjhs to opoio qa ypoblhqei sthn Eyrwpaikh Enwsh.

To mhnyma poy qelei na steilei h kybernhsh einai oti o proypologismos qa ektelestei opwsdhpote. Kai to mhnyma ayto qa apostalei eite xreiastei na ginei symplhrwmatikos proypologismos eite xreiastei h lhch newn metrwn.

O k. Papakwnstantinoy anamenetai thn erxomenh ebdomada na paroysiasei th synolikh eikona ths oikonomias, opws thn parelabe to PASOK stis 4 Oktwbrioy, prokeimenoy ola ayta na perilhfqoyn sto plaisio toy koinwnikoy dialogoy, o opoios anamenetai na arxisei meta thn epistrofh toy Prwqypoyrgoy apo tis Bryjelles kai th Synodo Koryfhs.

Meta ton k. Papakwnstantinoy, o prwqypoyrgos dexqhke thn ypoyrgo Oikonomias Loyka Katselh.

H ka Katselh ejerxomenh toy Megaroy Majimoy, me dhlwseis ths, milhse gia thn anagkh allaghs toy plaisioy xrhmatodothshs twn epixeirhsewn. H aplopoihsh twn sxetikwn diadikasiwn, wste aytes na ginoyn pio filikes pros toys ependytes, alla kai o syntonismos olwn twn forewn gia thn enisxysh ths epixeirhmatikothtas einai ta zhtoymena gia thn kybernhsh.

Ayrio sth synedriash toy ypoyrgikoy symboylioy qa teqoyn se syzhthsh dyo nomosxedia toy ypoyrgeioy Oikonomias, poy qa aforoyn sthn yperxrewsh twn noikokyriwn, afenos kai twn epixeirhsewn afeteroy. Sthn arxh toy neoy etoys, ejalloy, anamenetai na erqei sth boylh kai o neos anaptyjiakos nomos, kaqws, allwste, lhgei h isxys toy prohgoymenoy.

H proetoimasia gia ton koinwniko dialogo brisketai shmera sto epikentro twn diadoxikwn synanthsewn toy prwqypoyrgoy me toys ypoyrgoys Oikonomikwn k. G. Papakwnstantinoy, Oikonomias k. L. Katselh, Apasxolhshs k. An. Loberdo, Ygeias k. M. Jenogiannakopoyloy, Periballontos k. T. Mpirmpilh kai Prostasias toy Polith k. M. Xrysoxoidh.

Ejalloy, arxizei ayth thn ebdomada o dialogos gia thn anamorfwsh toy forologikoy systhmatos. O ypoyrgos Oikonomikwn k. G. Papakwnstantinoy, epishmainei oti perissoteroys foroys qa plhrwsoyn aytoi poy shmera forodiafeygoyn kai gnwstopoiei oti me to "poqen esxes" qa katagrafoyn se ena systhma oles oi plhrofories gia thn pragmatikh oikonomikh katastash twn forologoymenwn.

Epishs, proanaggellei aysthroys elegxoys sthn akinhth perioysia kai tis synallages twn ofsor etaireiwn.

Papakwnstantinoy-Probopoylos gia ypobaqmish ths ellhnikhs oikonomias

Qa kanoyme o,ti xreiastei gia na eimaste synepeis stis desmeyseis mas, dhlwse o ypoyrgos Oikonomikwn k. G. Papakwnsantinoy, enw o dioikhths ths Trapezas ths Ellados k. G. Probopoylos dhlwse oti qa kanoyme o,ti xreiazetai gia na fqasoyme ekei poy prepei, anaferomenoi sthn ypobaqmish ths ellhnikhs oikonomias apo jenoys oikoys.

O k. Papakwnstantinoy meta apo synanthsh poy eixe me ton k. Probopoylo sto ypoyrgeio Oikonomikwn, eipe oti h shmerinh anakoinwsh gia thn ypobaqmish ths pistolhptikhs ikanothtas ths Elladas apo jeno oiko Fitch antanakla to elleimma ajiopistias poy exei sysswreytei ta teleytaia xronia. Prosqese, omws, oti den antapokrinetai h topoqethsh toy jenoy oikoy sthn pragmatikothta kai stis prwtoboylies poy exei analabei hdh h kybernhsh.

Me ton kratiko proypologismo toy 2010 kanoyme to prwto megalo bhma gia th meiwsh toy elleimmatos, opws anefere o idios kai prosqese oti arxizei o dialogos gia thn anamorfwsh toy forologikoy kaqestwtos kai o dialogos gia ena biwsimo asfalistiko systhma, enw anamorfwnetai to plaisio gia th meiwsh ths spatalhs sto dhmosio.

Epishs, o k. Papakwnstantinoy dhlwse oti exoyme analabei prwtoboylies poy qa odhghsoyn sthn anaptyjh kai eipe xarakthristika oti qa kanoyme o,ti xreiastei gia na eimaste synepeis stis desmeyseis mas. Ayto poy ekfrazetai apo toys analytes, prosqese, einai h dyspistia giati ta teleytaia xronia eixame mia plhrh katarreysh ths eikonas mas sto ejwteriko.

Apantwntas ejalloy se erwthseis, o k. Papakwnstantinoy eipe, metajy allwn, oti h kybernhsh den apodexetai th diakrish anamesa se sklhra kai hpia metra dioti prowqei mia dhmosionomikh politikh me thn opoia den qa qigontai oi adynamoi. Epishs, apantwntas se allh erwthsh, anefere oti h anaparagwgh fhmwn dhmioyrgei ejairetika dyskolh katastash kai epideinwnei to klima, alla me tis kybernhtikes politikes prowqeitai mia biwsimh dhmosionomikh apokatastash.

Apo thn pleyra toy o dioikhths ths Trapezas ths Ellados k.G. Probopoylos eipe oti h lejh kleidi sthn prokeimenh periptwsh einai oti qa ginei o,ti xreiazetai gia na fqasoyme ekei poy prepei. Epishs, anefere oti den qa prepei na yparxei kamia anhsyxia gia to trapeziko systhma kai oti den qa yparjoyn epiptwseis sta trapezika kerdh dioti yparxoyn programmata xrhmatodothshs.

H Fitch Ratings ypobaqmise shmera thn pistolhptikh ikanothta ths Elladas se "BBB+" apo "A-", proxwrwntas sthn prwth, ta teleytaia deka xronia, ypobaqmish ths Elladas katw toy A apo enan dieqnh oiko ajiologhshs.

H ypobaqmish toy ellhnikoy xreoys apo th Fitch erxetai mia mera meta thn anakoinwsh apo thn Standard & Poor's oti qetei se kaqestws pistolhptikhs epithrhshs th makroxronia pistolhptikh ajiologhsh ths Elladas "A-".

H shmerinh ypobaqmish antanakla, symfwna me th Fitch, tis anhsyxies oson afora tis ektimhseis gia tis mesoproqesmes prooptikes twn dhmosiwn oikonomikwn ths xwras, dedomenhs ths adynamhs fereggyothtas twn dhmosionomikwn qesmwn kai toy ryqmistikoy plaisioy sthn Ellada, paragontes poy enteinontai apo thn abebaiothta oson afora mia isorrophmenh alla diathrhsimh oikonomikh anakamch.

"Epiteyjimo" xarakthrizei h Fitch to stoxo ths kybernhshs gia meiwsh toy dhmosionomikoy elleimmatos kata 3,6 posostiaies monades, sto 9,1% toy AEP to 2010. Shmeiwnei, wstoso, oti h elleich oysiastikwn domikwn politikwn metrwn meiwnei thn pepoiqhsh pws oi mesoproqesmes prospaqeies qa einai arketa epiqetikes wste na ejasfalisoyn arxika th staqeropoihsh twn xrewn kai th meiwsh toy ta epomena tria ews pente xronia.

Oi protaseis ths paroysas kybernhshs basizontai perissotero se metra ayjhshs esodwn, eidika gia thn antimetwpish ths forodiafyghs, twn opoiwn to apotelesma einai arketa abebaio, para stis trexoyses dapanes opoy to problhma einai perissotero entono, ektima h Fitch.

Symfwna me th Fitch, peripoy to 50% ths meiwshs toy elleimmatos ths ellhnikhs oikonomias basizetai se ektakta metra, enw mikro mono pososto ths prosfaths epideinwshs ths dhmosionomikhs katastashs ths xwras mporei na apodoqei sthn krish, h opoia htan sxetika hpia kai eidikotera gia to xrhmatopistwtiko klado.

H Fitch proeidopoiei, telos, oti h piqanh diogkwsh toy xreoys se pososto anw toy 120% toy AEP to epomeno etos kai anw toy 125% to 2011, qa afhsei ta dhmosia oikonomika ekteqeimena se megaloys kindynoys.

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[02] Ekklhsh na mh xaqei h eykairia gia ton planhth

Oi ekproswpoi 193 xwrwn, poy exoyn sygkentrwqei sthn Kopegxagh me stoxo thn epiteyjh dieqnoys symfwnias gia thn antimetwpish ths klimatikhs allaghs, arxisan shmera se epimeroys omades thn epejergasia qematwn opws h apocilwsh twn daswn, h xrhmatodothsh ths prosarmoghs sthn klimatikh allagh h oi mhxanismoi epalhqeyshs ths thrhshs twn desmeysewn twn xwrwn.

"Kata th diarkeia twn epomenwn triwn h tessarwn hmerwn qa ejaskhqoyme sto jekaqarisma toy edafoys", dhlwse shmera dytikos diapragmateyths.

H anakoinwsh ths Amerikanikhs Yphresias Prostasias toy Periballontos egine dekth me ikanopoihsh sthn Kopegxagh.

"Ayto qa symbalei sto na peisoyme toys ekproswpoys kai toys parathrhtes allwn xwrwn oti oi HPA einai apofasismenes na xrhsimopoihsoyn ola ta mesa poy exoyn sth diaqesh toys", sxoliase o Nteibint Ntonigker, ths amerikanikhs Mh Kybernhtikhs Organwshs (MKO) National Resources Defense Council.

Gia th Greenpeace, h apofash ayth apotelei "shmantiko mhnyma" sth diaskech ths Kopegxaghs. Shmainei oti o proedros Ompama mporei na analabei drash, opoia kai an einai h apofash toy Kongkresoy gia th meiwsh twn ekpompwn aeriwn".

Xqes, prwth hmera synedriashs toso o prwqypoyrgos kai h ypoyrgos Klimatos ths Danias oso kai o epikefalhs ths Symbashs Plaisio toy OHE gia thn Klimatikh Allagh k. Ibo nte Mpoyr, tonisan oti h mh epiteyjh symfwnias gia ena pagkosmio plaisio sxetika me thn klimatikh allagh qa jodecei askopa thn kalyterh elpida toy planhth gia na apofeyxqoyn oi xeiroteres epiptwseis ths yperqermanshs.

H Daneza ypoyrgos ka Koni Xentegkaarnt ypogrammise oti "h alhqeia einai pws h katalhktikh hmeromhnia ths Diaskechs sthn Kopegxagh fernei hdh apotelesmata. Toys teleytaioys mhnes, polles anaptyssomenes xwres exoyn anakoinwsei meiwseis ekpompwn se olo to eyros ths oikonomikhs drasthriothtas. Kai polles aneptygmenes xwres exoyn dwsei endeijeis gia filodojes eqnikes draseis ws syneisfora sthn pagkosmia prospaqeia".

Opws shmeiwnei h bretanikh efhmerida "Fainansial Taims", to mhnyma ths k. Xentegkaarnt htan "as to oloklhrwsoyme". "Pote sto parelqon den htan toso safhs h episthmh. Pote den yphrxe tetoia plhqwra lysewn. Pote sto parelqon den htan toso isxyrh h politikh boylhsh. Kai, as moy epitrapei na sas proeidopoihsw, pote den qa ginei isxyroterh", prosqese h Daneza ypoyrgos.

H Notia Afrikh anakoinwse oti, sthn periptwsh epiteyjhs mias filodojhs symfwnias, protiqetai na meiwsei tis ekpompes aeriwn toy qermokhpioy kata 34% se sxesh me thn trexoysa ayjhtikh tash toys mexri to 2020, ayjanontas tes sto 42% to 2025.

Ton baqmo toy epeigontos poy exei to zhthma ypogrammise, apo thn pleyra toy, o k. Ibo nte Mpoyr, legontas oti "h Kopegxagh mporei monon na xarakthristei epityxia an exei ws apotelesma shmantikes kai ameses draseis poy qa arxisoyn thn hmera poy h diaskech qa teleiwsei".

"Thn aney prohgoymenoy politikh apofasistikothta gia thn antimetwpish ths klimatikhs allaghs" antikatoptrizei h epikeimenh afijh sthn prwteyoysa ths Danias peripoy 110 arxhgwn kratwn kai kybernhsewn, eipe o Danos prwqypoyrgos k. Lars Loke Rasmoysen. O idios prosqese oti h Diaskech "antiproswpeyei mia terastia eykairia, mia eykairia poy o kosmos den exei thn polyteleia na xasei".

Me thn krish na epideinwnetai me taxythta me megalo T, qa prepei na laboyme perissoteres politikes apofaseis se planhtiko epipedo gia na prospaqhsoyme na epityxoyme tis aparaithtes allages kai na ejasfalisoyme apo tis basikes xwres na epilysoyn to problhma'', tonise o nompelistas Eirhnhs gia to 2007, Al Gkor.

H qermoterh dekaetia

H fetinh xronia qa einai piqanotata h pempth pio zesth poy exei katagrafei pote kai h prwth dekaetia aytoy toy aiwna qa einai h pio zesth apo tote poy arxisan na throyntai metewrologika arxeia, anakoinwse shmera sthn Kopegxagh o Pagkosmios Metewrologikos Organismos (WMO).

H pio zesth xronia htan to 1998 kai ofeilotan se shmantiko baqmo sto metewrologiko fainomeno El Ninio, to opoio ayjanei afysika th qermokrasia ston anatoliko Eirhniko Wkeano kai mporei na epiferei eyryteres anastatwseis ston kairo pagkosmiws.

Ena neo fainomeno El Ninio anaptyxqhke fetos kai ejhgei en merei thn anodo twn qermokrasiwn. To 2008 htan h 11h pio zesth xronia.

O Genikos Grammateas toy WMO Misel Zaro ekane tis parapanw anakoinwseis dieykrinizontas oti ta oristika apotelesmata qa anakoinwqoyn to Martio toy 2010.

Erwthqeis sxetika me tis prognwseis toy gia ta epomena xronia, o Zaro arnhqhke na kanei opoiadhpote prognwsh gia kaqe epomeno etos jexwrista. "Yparxei mia tash anodoy ths qermokrasias, den exoyme amfibolia gi' ayto, alla den mporw na kanw probleceis gia thn epomenh xronia", ejhghse.

H ellhnikh apostolh sthn Kopegxagh

Enhmerwsh boyleytwn ki eyrwboyleytwn ekane o yfypoyrgos Ejwterikwn Spyros Koybelhs gia tis ellhnikes qeseis sth dieqnh synodo ths Kopegxaghs,me antikeimeno thn klimatikh allagh, h opoia arxise xqes kai qa oloklhrwqei stis 18 toy mhnos.

Ths ellhnikhs apostolhs qa hghqei o prwqypoyrgos Giwrgos A. Papandreoy kai qa metexoyn h ypoyrgos Periballontos T. Mpirmpilh, o yfypoyrgos Ejwterikwn S. Koybelhs kai o yfypoyrgos Periballontos G. Maniaths.

Qa metasxoyn epishs eji boyleytes, dyo apo th sympoliteysh kai tesseris apo thn antipoliteysh, tesseris mh kybernhtikes organwseis, metajy twn opoiwn h (WWF kai h Greenpeace) kaqws kai empeirognwmones, kyriws se qemata naytilias, gewrgias kai oikonomikwn.

Analyontas tis ellhnikes qeseis enwpion twn boyleytwn kai eyrwboyleytwn poy qa einai parontes sth synodo,o k.Koybelhs tonise oti "h Ellada tassetai yper mias nomika desmeytikhs symfwnias me sygkekrimenoys stoxoys" kai ypenqymise th symfwnia gia monomerh desmeysh ths EE stoys "stoxoys toy 20%", sthn opoia metexei kai h Ellada.

Eidikotera gia ton tomea ths naytilias, o k. Koybelhs tonise oti stoxos mas einai na ginei mia synolikh symfwnia, orizontia, gia oles tis xwres kai oxi merikh, poy qa aforoyse monon mia monomerh desmeysh ths EE, h mia omada xwrwn kai h opoia qa edine sygkritiko pleonekthma stis mh desmeyomenes xwres eis baros ths Elladas.

Sth diarkeia ths synodoy, h ellhnikh pleyra programmatizei ekdhlwsh ths Sosialistikhs Dieqnoys ypo thn proedria toy G. Papandreoy, me th symmetoxh twn sosialistwn hgetwn poy qa einai parontes sthn prwteyoysa ths Danias, enw sto periqwrio ths synodoy anamenetai oti o prwqypoyrgos qa exei seira dimerwn epafwn.

Se erwthsh dhmosiografoy gia to endexomeno syndeshs ths synodoy me thn poreia toy agwgoy petrelaioy Mpoyrgkas-Alejandroypolh, o k. Koybelhs apanthse oti den yparxei tetoio endexomeno oyte gia ton Mpoyrgkas Alejandroypolh oyte gia toys agwgoys fysikoy aerioy South Stream kai TGI, o programmatismos twn opoiwn qa proxwrhsei kanonika.

O yfypoyrgos Ejwterikwn telos ypogrammise oti to kostos ths ellhnikhs apostolhs qa perioristei sth metakinhsh 30 peripoy anqrwpwn, politikwn kai empeirognwmonwn twn ypoyrgeiwn.

Sthn enhmerwsh toy k Koybelh htan parontes, oi boyleytes toy PASOK S. Merentith kai G. Dribelegkas, , o eyrwboyleyths ths ND Q, Skylakakhs, o boyleyths ths ND K. Mhtsotakhs, o boyleyths toy LAOS M. Boridhs kai ws ekproswpos twn Oikologwn Prasinwn, o episthmonikos synergaths toy kommatos T. Krommydas.

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