[01] O Eortasmos twn Xristoygennwn

Xiliades katoikoi twn astikwn kentrwn egkateleican kai fetos tis megales poleis me proorismo thn eparxia kai to ejwteriko.

Sthn Kolonia ths Germanias qa giortasei ta Xristoygenna o Proedros ths Dhmokratias k.Karolos Papoylias, mazi me th syzygo kai ta paidia toy.

Sta Grebena akoyse ta Kalanta twn Xristoygennwn o prwqypoyrgos k.Kwstas Karamanlhs, mazi me th syzygo toy Natasa kai ta paidia toys Alejandro kai Alikh.

O prwqypoyrgos me thn oikogeneia toy episkefqhkan th Nomarxia Grebenwn, opoy toys ypodexqhkan o nomarxhs, k. Dhmosqenhs Koyptsidhs kai polites poy eixan sygkentrwqei ejw apo to ktirio. Parwn htan kai o ypoyrgos Anaptyjhs, k. Xrhstos Fwlias.

O nomarxhs prosfere anamnhstika dwra ston k. Karamanlh kai th syzygo toy, enw sthn aiqoysa pollaplwn xrhsewn ths Nomarxias xorwdies Pontiwn kai polyteknwn ecalan ta Kalanta ston prwqypoyrgo.

Sth synexeia o prwqypoyrgos episkefqhke to dhmarxeio, opoy o dhmarxos, k. Giwrgos Noytsos, prosfere dwra sto prwqypoyrgiko zeygos kai toys milhse gia thn perioxh.

Akoloyqws o k. Karamanlhs kai h syzygos toy perpathsan ston pezodromo twn Grebenwn, antallajan eyxes me polites poy ekanan bolta kai akoysan ta Kalanta apo parea paidiwn.

O prwqypoyrgos brisketai apo thn Paraskeyh sth Samarina twn Grebenwn gia idiwtikh episkech kai qa parameinei mexri thn Tetarth. Tis prohgoymenes meres eixe thn eykairia na apolaysei to fysiko periballon me pezopories pros to xionodromiko kentro Basilitsas kai th Monh Agias Paraskeyhs.

Sthn Aqhna, mazi me thn oikogeneia toy, qa brisketai tis hmeres twn Xristoygennwn o proedros toy PASOK k.Giwrgos Papandreoy.

Xqes to prwi, paidia ypallhlwn ths Ellhnikhs Astynomias kai to paidiko tmhma Panhpeirwtikhs ecallan ta kalanta ston k.Papandreoy, sta grafeia toy PASOK sth Xarilaoy Trikoyph.

Sthn Aqhna qa giortasei ta Xristoygenna kai h GG toy KKE ka.Aleka Paparhga, h opoia akoyse xqes ta kalanta ston Perisso.

Sthn Thno qa breqei ta Xristoygenna o epikefalhs toy SYRIZA Alekos Alabanos.

Ta kalanta twn Xristoygennwn ecalan ston Grammatea ths KPE toy SYN Niko Xoynth ta paidia twn symbasioyxwn Pyrosbestwn.

Sta grafeia toy LA.O.S sth Qessalonikh akoyse ta Kalanta o proedros toy kommatos, k. Giwrgos Karatzaferhs.

Kalanta ston Arxiepiskopo

Ta kalanta twn Xristoygennwn eipan ston Arxiepiskopo Xristodoylo pontiaka swmateia, o syllogos brakoforwn Krhths, alla kai topikes xorwdies apo diafores perioxes ths Aqhnas.

O prwtosygkelos ths arxiepiskophs pateras Qwmas Synodinos apo thn pleyra toy episkefqhke nosokomeia, kai synomilhse me polloys asqeneis, stoys opoioys metefere tis eyxes toy Arxiepiskopoy gia taxeia anarrwsh.

H katastash ths ygeias toy k.Xristodoyloy paramenei krisimh, kai opws o idios o Arxiepiskopos dhlwse se synenteyjh toy ston Eqniko Khryka ths omogeneias sthn Amerikh exei enapoqesei ton eayto toy sta xeria toy Qeoy kai twn giatrwn toy, toys opoioys empisteyetai apolyta.

[02] Profylakistea h 34xronh

H 34xronh odhghqhke enwpion toy anakrith ligo prin apo tis 2 to meshmeri kai afoy eixan prohghqei oi kataqeseis ths syzygoy toy k. Zaxopoyloy, toy filoy toys skhnoqeth k. Giwrgoy Mylwna kai mias ek twn grammatewn toy sto ypoyrgeio Politismoy.

Symfwna me to synhgoro yperaspishs ths k. Xrysikopoylo, h 34xronh arneitai tis kathgories poy ths apodidontai kai epemeine oti den ekbiase kai den eixe proswpikh sxesh me ton k. Zaxopoylo.

Enwpion toy anakrith dhlwse parastash politikhs agwghs gia logariasmo ths syzygoy toy k. Zaxopoyloy k. Persas Zaxopoyloy, o poinikologos k. Alejandros Lykoyrezos. H k. Zaxopoyloy epiqymei na parastei ws politikws enagoysa gia hqikh blabh poy ypesth apo thn ypoqesh.

[03] Xristoygenniatika eqima sthn Ellada

MAKEDONIA - QRAKH

Sta xwria ths boreias Elladas, apo tis paramones twn eortwn o noikokyrhs caxnei sta xwrafia kai dialegei to pio omorfo, to pio gero, to pio xontro jylo apo peyko h elia kai to paei spiti toy. Ayto onomazetai Xristojylo kai einai to jylo poy qa kaiei gia olo to dwdekahmero twn eortwn, apo ta Xristoygenna mexri kai ta Fwta, sto tzaki toy spitioy. H staxth twn jylwn aytwn profylasse to spiti kai ta xwrafia apo kaqe kako.Prin o noikokyrhs ferei to Xristojylo, h noikokyra frontizei na exei kaqarisei to spiti kai me idiaiterh prosoxh to tzaki, wste na mh meinei oyte ixnos apo thn palia staxth. Kaqarizoyn akomh kai thn kapnodoxo, gia na mh briskoyn pathmata na kateboyn oi kalikantzaroi, ta kaka daimonia, opws lene sta paradosiaka xristoygenniatika paramyqia. To brady ths paramonhs twn Xristoygennwn, otan olh h oikogeneia qa einai mazemenh gyrw apo to tzaki, o noikokyrhs toy spitioy anabei thn kainoyria fwtia kai mpainei sthn estia to Xristojylo. Symfwna me tis paradoseis toy laoy, kaqws kaigetai to Xristojylo, zestainetai o Xristos sth fatnh Toy. Se kaqe spitiko, oi noikokyraioi prospaqoyn to Xristojylo na kaiei mexri ta Fwta.

Stis perioxes ths Makedonias kai ths Qrakhs emfanizetai to eqimo twn metamfiesewn, poy fainetai pws exei sxesh me toys kalikantzaroys.

Sta xwria Platania kai Sitagroi toy Nomoy Dramas synantame to eqimo twn Mwmogerwn, to opoio proerxetai apo toy Pontioys prosfyges. H onomasia exei tis rizes ths stis lejeis mimos h mwmos kai geros kai syndeetai me tis mimhtikes kinhseis twn prwtagwnistwn. Aytoi, forwntas tomaria zwwn - lykwn, tragwn h allwn - h ntymenoi me stoles anqrwpwn oplismenwn me spaqia, exoyn th morfh gerontikwn proswpwn. Oi Mwmogeroi, emfanizontai kaqb olh th diarkeia toy dwdekahmeroy twn eortwn, kai prosdokwntas tyxh gia th nea xronia, gyrizoyn se parees stoys dromoys twn xwriwn kai tragoydoyn ta kalanta h alloys eyxetikoys stixoys. Otan dyo parees synanthqoyn, kanoyn ceytopolemo metajy toys, wspoy h mia omada na nikhsei kai h allh na dhlwsei ypotagh.

Parallages toy idioy eqimoy, synantwntai se xwria ths Kozanhs kai ths Kastorias, me thn onomasia Ragkoytsaria.

Sthn Pella anabiwnei to eqimo ths ``Kolinta Mpampw'', opoy oi katoikoi anaboyn fwties fwnazontas ``kolinta mpampw'', poy shmainei ``sfazoyn giagia''. Symfwna me to eqimo, oi fwties anaboyn gia na maqoyn oi anqrwpoi gia th sfagh toy Hrwdh kai na profylaxtoyn.

Sth Siatista Kozanhs anabiwnoyn oi ``kladaries'', fwties poy anabontai gia na zestanoyn ton Xristo, ta ``kolianta'', kalanta sto topiko siatistino idiwma, kai ta ``mpoympoysaria'', ta karnabalia me to kaqara siatistino Aibasiliatiko xoro.

QESSALIA

Ena apo ta shmantikotera xristoygenniatika eqima ths Qessalias einai to sfajimo toy goyroynioy. H proetoimasia gia to sfajimo ginotan me ejairetikh frontida, enw epakoloyqoyse glenti mexri ta jhmerwmata, gia na epanalhfqei h idia diadikasia thn epomenh kai th meqepomenh mera. Treis-tesseris syggenikes oikogeneies kaqorizan me th seira poia hmera qa esfaze to goyroyni ths. H hmera ayth kaqierwqhke ws "goyroynoxara h groynoyxara". Otan malista proskaloysan kapoion, den elegan "ela na sfajoyme to goyroyni", alla "ela, exoyme goyroynoxara".

Ta mesanyxta ths paramonhs twn Xristoygennwn ginetai to legomeno "taisma" ths bryshs. Oi kopeles, ta xaramata twn Xristoygennwn, phgainoyn sthn pio kontinh brysh "gia na klecoyn to akranto nero". To lene akranto, dhladh amilhto, giati de bgazoyn lejh sb olh th diadromh. Aleifoyn tis bryses toy xwrioy me boytyro kai meli, me thn eyxh opws trexei to nero na trexei kai h prokoph sto spiti ton kainoyrgio xrono kai opws glyko einai to meli, etsi glykia na einai kai h zwh toys. Gia na exoyn kalh sodeia, otan ftanoyn ekei, thn "taizoyn", me diafores lixoydies, opws boytyro, cwmi, tyri, ospria h kladi elias. Elegan malista pws opoia qa phgaine prwth sth brysh, ayth qa stekotan kai h pio tyxerh oloklhro to xrono. Epeita rixnoyn sth stamna ena batofyllo kai tria xalikia, "kleboyn nero" kai gyrizoyn sta spitia toys pali amilhtes mexri na pioyne oloi apo to akranto nero. Me to idio nero rantizoyn kai tis tesseris gwnies toy spitioy, enw skorpoyn sto spiti kai ta tria xalikia.

Se polla xwria ths Qessalias, epistrefontas apo thn ekklhsia sto spiti, ta koritsia bazoyn paradipla sto anammeno tzaki klwnaria kedroy poy ta jedialegoyn, enw ta agoria topoqetoyn kladia apo agriokerasia. Ta mikra ayta kladia dentrwn antiproswpeyoyn tis proswpikes toys epiqymies gia thn pragmatopoihsh mias omorfhs zwhs. Frontizoyn malista ta kladia ayta na einai lygera kai parakoloyqoyn me endiaferon poio klwnari qa kaei prwto, kaqws lene pws ayto einai kalo shmadi gia to koritsi h to agori, antistoixa, kai sygkekrimena pws qa einai ayto poy qa pantreytei prwto.

HPEIROS

``To anammeno poyrnari'' einai mia wraia synhqeia poy basizetai se mia palia paradosh. Otan gennhqhke o Xristos kai phgan, leei, oi boskoi na proskynhsoyn, htan nyxta skoteinh. Brhkan kapoy ena jero poyrnari ki ekocan ta kladia toy. Phre o kaqenas apo ena kladi sto xeri, toy ebale fwtia kai gemise to skoteino boyno xaroymenes fwties kai trijimata kai krotoys. Apo tote, loipon, exoyn th synhqeia sta xwria ths Artas, opoios paei sto spiti toy geitona, gia na pei ta xronia polla, kaqws kai ola ta paidia ta pantremena, poy qa pane sto patriko toys, gia na filhsoyn to xeri toy patera kai ths manas toys, na kratoyn ena klari poyrnari, h o,ti allo dentriko poy kaiei trizontas. Sto dromo to anaboyn kai to phgainoyn etsi anammeno sto patriko toys spiti kai gemizoyn xaroymenes fwties kai krotoys ta skoteina dromakia toy xwrioy.

Sta Giannena den kratoyn oloklhro to poyrnari anammeno sto xeri toys, alla kratoyn sth xoyfta toys mia xeria dafnofylla kai poyrnarofylla, poy ta petoyn sto tzaki, molis mpoyne kai kalhmerizoyn. Ki otan ta fylla ta jera piasoyn fwtia ki arxisoyn na trizoyn kai na petane spiqes, eyxontai: ``Arnia, katsikia, nyfes kai gamproys!'' Ayth einai h kalyterh eyxh gia kaqe noikokyrh. Na prokoboyn ta kopadia toy, na plhqainei h famelia toy, na megalwnoyn ta koritsia kai ta palikaria toy, na toy fernoyn sto spiti nyfes kai gamproys, na toy dwsoyn eggonia poy de qb afhsoyn tb onoma to patriko na sbhsei.

KRHTH

To zymwma toy xristocwmoy qewreitai ergo qeio kai einai eqimo kaqara Xristianiko. Oi gynaikes ftiaxnoyn th zymh me idiaiterh eylabeia kai ypomonh. To zymwma einai mia ierotelestia. Xrhsimopoioyn akriba ylika, opws cilokoskinismeno aleyri, rodonero, meli, soysami, kanela kai garifala, kai kata th diarkeia toy zhmwmatos lene: "O Xristos gennietai, to fws anebainei, to prozymi gia na genei." Plaqoyn to zymari kai pairnoyn th mish zymh kai ftiaxnoyn mia koyloyra. Me thn ypoloiph ftiaxnoyn stayro me loyrides apb th zymh. Sto kentro bazoyn ena aspasto karydi h ena aygo, symbolizontas th gonimothta.

Gia to xristoygenniatiko trapezi, to Xristocwmo einai eyloghmeno cwmi, afoy ayto qa sthrijei th zwh toy noikokyrh kai ths oikogeneias toy. To koboyn anhmera ta Xristoygenna, dinontas polles eyxes.

[04] ``Ai-Basilhs: To pio grhgoro delivery''

Para tis filotimes prospaqeies kaqe fora mas pairnei o ypnos kai otan jypname sto krebati exoyme xasei thn monadikh eykairia ths xronias. Trexoyme sto dentro kai fysika ta dwra einai ekei. Kai fetos o Agios ekane to qayma toy, alla pws; Prolabe na ta moirasei ola, h kapoioi emeinan paraponemenoi;

Mia omada newn episthmonwn, poy exei stoxo thn epikoinwnia ths episthmhs sto eyry koino, edwse sto APE - MPE tis tekmhriwmenes apanthseis ths se erwthmata poy piqanws kairo na apasxoloyn polloys apo emas. H omada sygkrothqhke meta apo panellhnio diagwnismo kai analambanei paroysiaseis gia diafora episthmonika qemata me tropo cyxagwgiko kai eklaikeymeno, exontas ws stoxo thn diadosh ths episthmhs sthn koinwnia.

Melh ths einai teleiofoitoi panepisthmioy, didaktores kai ereynhtes sth fysikh, th xhmeia, th biologia, th genetikh, se ypologistes k.a., exoyn polyeth ereynhtikh ergasia sto ejwteriko me polles dhmosieyseis kai biblia kai h hlikia toys einai apo 21 ews 35 etwn.

As epistrecoyme omws ston Agio Basilh. ``Exei sthn diaqesh toy parapanw apo mia nyxta gia na moirasei ta dwra, giati otan sth mish gh einai nyxta, sthn allh mish einai mera! Qa paei loipon prwta sthn Anatolh, poy h nyxta ths Prwtoxronias erxetai pio prin kai sthn synexeia sth Dysh. Dwdeka wres nyxta sto ena hmisfairio kai dwdeka sto allo mas dinoyn synolika ena gemato 24wro'', ejhgei h foithtria toy tmhmatos Fysikhs toy Panepisthmioy Aqhnwn kai stelexos ths Diadrastikhs Ekqeshs Episthmhs kai Texnologias toy Eygenidioy Idrymatos, ka Anna Xristodoyloy.

Kala ola ayta, alla se posa paidakia prepei na paei; Sth Gh zoyn peripoy 2 disekatommyria paidia. An se kaqe spiti ths Ghs zei mia oikogeneia poy exei kata meso oro 2.5 paidia tote yparxoyn 800 ekatommyria spitia poy ton perimenoyn thn Prwtoxronia. An to kaqe spiti apexei kata meso oro 400 metra apo to amesws kontinotero, tote o Ai Basilhs kaleitai oyte ligo oyte poly na kalycei mia diadromh 320 disekatommyriwn metrwn. Dyskolh ypoqesh akomh kai gia enan Agio.

To elkhqro, qa prepei pragmatika na tajidecei me thn taxythta toy fwtos. Ayto omws qa prokaloyse diafora parajena ston Agio Basilh, poy qa dyskoleye thn apostolh toy. ``An symbei kati tetoio, h maza toy Ai Basilh qa apeiristei kai apo ekei poy einai stroympoylos, to megeqos toy qa ftasei se dysqewrhta megeqh kai qa balei plwrh gia to apeiro'', leei h k. Xristodoyloy.

Kai synexizei: ``Ara o Agios den trexei me thn taxythta toy fwtos, trexei, wstoso me mia taxythta poy einai poly konta ths. An trexei me molis to 0,4 ths taxythtas toy fwtos, dhladh me 125.000 xlm. to deyterolepto, tote h maza toy megalwnei kata 10%. Dhladh an einai 100 kila, tote qa ginei 110. Prolabainei omws telika na ftasei, phgainontas me aythn thn taxythta;''

H apanthsh einai nai! Me aythn thn taxythta qa xreiastei akribws 2.560 deyterolepta kai 42 dekata toy deyteroleptoy gia na oloklhrwsei thn apostolh toy. Ki an anarwtieste poia einai h diafora apo to an etrexe me thn taxythta toy fwtos, tote to noymero qa einai ligo pio mikro: 1.066 deyterolepta kai 67 dekata.

Twra mhn aporeite pws antexei na trexei me ayth thn taxythta, otan h synhqismenh taxythta gia ta diasthmoploia einai mono 20 xlm to deyterolepto. To pio gero atsali den antexei na epitaxynqei se sxetikistikes taxythtes. O Agios omws einai Agios kai oti qelei kanei.

Pera apo ayto, ``den to exei apagoreysei kapoios fysikos nomos, kai synepws den yparxei logos na mhn ginetai'', epishmainei h k.Xristodoyloy.

To parhgoro einai oti, krathsoyme den krathsoyme ta matia mas anoixta, o Ai-Basilhs qa ta bgalei pera kai fetos me ta dwra kai kapoioi tyxeroi isws prolaboyn na ton doyn.

Giati o Ai Basilhs einai xontros;

To brady poy moirazei ta dwra, katebainei apo tis kaminades kai xlapakiazei ola ta glyka poy toy afhnoyn ta paidia. Kai to oti phgainei se ekatommyria spitia dikaiologei to megeqos toy.

Ayth einai mia aploikh ews fantastikh apanthsh. Symfwna me ton ereynhth Moriakhs Diagnwstikhs toy EKEFE ``Dhmokritos'', k. Qodwrh Anagnwstopoylo, gia thn paxysarkia toy Ai-Basilh ypaities einai ``dyo kopeles'' (h Leptinh kai h Insoylinh) poy zoyn se ena xwrio (kyttaro) kai ergazontai sto Dhmarxeio toy (pyrhnas toy kyttaroy).

Sto Dhmarxeio yparxei mia terastia biblioqhkh (DNA) me peripoy 30.000 biblia (gonidia me plhrofories gia tis kyttarikes leitoyrgies), sto kaqena apo ta opoia einai grammena ta kaqhkonta twn katoikwn toy xwrioy.

Oi dyo aytes kopeles phgainoyn kaqhmerina sto Dhmarxeio kai diabazoyn ta kaqhkonta toys h kaqe mia sto biblio poy ths antistoixei. H doyleia ths Leptinhs einai na elegxei tis apoqhkes toy xwrioy kai na frontizei na exoyn arketa jyla xwris omws na paragemizoyn tis apoqhkes. H doyleia ths Insoylinhs twra, ths allhs kopelas, einai na kobei ta jyla apo tis apoqhkes kai na ta moirazei sta spitia dioti einai toso megala poy de xwrane na mpoyn mesa alliws. Kati antistoixo ginetai kai sto kyttaro.

``H Leptinh kai h Insoylinh einai dyo oysies poy exoyn rolo h prwth na enhmerwnei to kyttaro, kai katb epektash to anqrwpino swma, gia to posh trofh xreiazetai na faei kai na stamataei otan exei xortasei kai h deyterh na bohqaei sth diaspash enos basikoy systatikoy twn trofwn ths glykozhs gia thn kalyterh aporrofhsh apo ta kyttara'', enhmerwnei o k. Anagnwstopoylos.

Sthn periptwsh poy kapoios paei kryfa kai sbhsei tmhmata h skisei kapoies selides apo ta biblia poy briskontai sth biblioqhkh kai poy antistoixoyn sth Leptinh kai sthn Insoylinh, tote oi dyo aytes kopeles qa kanoyn laqos tis doyleies toys.

``Sthn pragmatikothta, to ``sbhsimo'' twn selidwn twn bibliwn antistoixei me allages sta gonidia poy legontai metallajeis, oi opoies prokaloyn tis laqos leitoyrgies sto anqrwpino swma. Ean paqei mia metallajh to gonidio ths Leptinhs tote o anqrwpos den enhmerwnetai gia to pote prepei na stamataei na trwei kai etsi odhgeitai sthn klhronomikh paxysarkia, enw ean paqei mia metallajh to gonidio ths insoylinhs tote h glykozh kykloforei se megales sygkentrwseis mesa sto aima, mia paqhsh poy legetai sakxarwdhs diabhths'', epishmainei.

?Kai giati foraei kokkina royxa;

Apo to 1967 poy efeyreqhke o mpar kooynt, o kwdikos me ariqmoys kai grammes poy yparxei se kaqe proion, mporoyn oi paragwgoi kai oi katasthmatarxes na katagrafoyn poia proionta mas aresoyn pio poly kai na ftiaxnoyn paromoia. Antistoixa, mporoyn na gnwrizoyn poia xrwmata h moysikes h arwmata mas xalarwnoyn wste na afierwnoyme enan parapanw peripato sthn agora kai na cwnizoyme perissotera dwra.

``To kokkino einai ena apo ayta ta xalarwtika gia thn tseph mas xrwmata. Antistoixa kai ta slooy tragoydia, opws h bAgia Nyxtab, se antiqesh me to bTrigwna Kalantab, enw ta arwmata einai o mystikos ghteyths. Ena mikro paradeigma: ta kerdh sto kazino toy Las Beggas ayjhqhkan kata 50% otan cekasan ton xwro me ena glyko - xalarwtiko arwma'', anaferei h didaktoras Anaparagwgikhs Klwnopoihshs toy Anqrwpoy sto Kapodistriako kai sto Metsobio Polytexneio, k. Eylalia Amygdalakh.

To asteri ths Bhqleem kai oi Magoi me ta dwra

Oi Magoi poy eferan ta dwra sto Xristo den eixan kamia sxesh me toys shmerinoys magoys. Htan poly morfwmenoi anqrwpoi ekeinhs ths epoxhs poy kaqe brady meletoysan ta asteria kai hjeran para polla pragmata gib ayta.

To de asteri twn Xristoygennwn den htan oyte asteras oyte planhths, afoy o prwtos einai akinhtos, dhladh emfanizetai kaqe brady sto idio shmeio toy oyranoy kai synepws den qa mporoyse na odhghsei toys Magoys se ena toso makrino tajidi, enw oi planhtes den exoyn diko toys fws, alla antanakloyn to fws toy astera (h hlioy) gyrw apo to opoio kinoyntai. Etsi den einai poly lamperoi me apotelesma na blepoyme mono osoys einai poly konta mas.

Oi sygxronoi astronomoi den einai kan sigoyroi oti to asteri ths Bhqleem htan komhths. An htan komhths, dhladh ena toso lampero kai entypwsiako asteri, den qa to eixan dei mono oi Magoi alla olos o kosmos akoma kai o Hrwdhs ki etsi qa gnwrize gia th gennhsh toy Xristoy poly prin ton enhmerwsoyn oi Magoi.

``Oi pio sygxrones episthmonikes qewries lene oti to asteri twn Xristoygennwn, ektos apo komhths, qa mporoyse na einai enas kainofanhs asteras (dhladh, enas hlios poy enw eixe ``sbhsei'' jafnika arxise na fwtizei jana prin ``sbhsei'' gia panta) h mia synodos planhtwn (dhladh dyo h perissoteroi planhtes na eyqygrammisthkan me th Gh me apotelesma na fainontai san ena oyranio swma poly fwteino)'' epishmainei o xhmikos mhxanikos kai didaktoras sto EKEFE Dhmokritos, k. Nikos Papadhmhtrioy.

Oi sygxronoi episthmones exoyn melethsei ta asteria toso kala wste na mporoyn na mantecoyn poia asteria yphrxan ston oyrano th nyxta poy gennhqhke o Xristos. Alla to problhma einai oti den gnwrizoyme pote akribws gennhqhke o Xristos. To hmerologio mas xwristhke se pro Xristoy kai meta Xriston epoxh peripoy 530 xronia meta th gennhsh toy Xristoy. Synepws, oi anqrwpoi poy eftiajan ayto to hmerologio de mporoysan na jeroyn pote akribws gennhqhke o Xristos kai (kapws ayqaireta) orisan kapoia xronia ws etos gennhshs toy Xristoy.

Epipleon, einai sigoyro oti o Xristos de gennhqhke stis 25 Dekembrh, genika de gennhqhke xeimwna. To brady poy gennhqhke phgan na ton proskynhsoyn oi boskoi me ta probata toys. Alla oi boskoi de bgazoyn ta kopadia ejw apo ta mantria tis kryes nyxtes toy xeimwna, para mono tis nyxtes ths anoijhs poy kai to kryo den einai toso tsoyxtero kai yparxei afqonh trofh gia na boskhsoyn. Ara, to piqanotero einai oti o Xristos gennhqhke Aprilio h Maio.

Symfwna me ton k.Papadhmhtrioy, to gegonos oti giortazoyme ta Xristoygenna stis 25 Dekembrioy ofeiletai stoys prwtoys Xristianoys. Thn epoxh poy gennhqhke o Xristos, se olh thn perioxh ths Ioydaias (shmerino Israhl) kyriarxoysan oi Rwmaioi. Aytoi htan eidwlolatres kai oxi mono den afhnan toys Xristianoys na giortazoyn ta Xristoygenna, alla toys kynhgoysan synexeia. Wstoso, stis 25 Dekembrioy, oi Rwmaioi eixan mia megalh giorth, ena panhgyri, gia na giortasoyn ta eidwla toys. Etsi, oi Xristianoi apofasisan na giortazoyn ki aytoi ta Xristoygenna stis 25 Dekembrioy, otan oi Rwmaioi qa htan apasxolhmenoi me tis dikes toys giortes kai den qa edinan shmasia stoys Xristianoys.

Akoma kai an den gnwrizoyme pote akribws gennhqhke o Xristos kai an den jeroyme ti akribws htan to asteri twn Xristoygennwn, to asteri ayto qa einai panta h pio glykia Xristoygenniatikh istoria kai panta qa niwqoyme mia idiaiterh zestasia kaqe fora poy qa giortazoyme ta Xristoygenna mesa sto kataxeimwno.

H istoria ths Xiononifadas?poy den einai pagwmenh broxh

Shmantiko meros ths doyleias poy xreiasthke wste na maqoyme pws kataskeyazetai to xioni, htan ayto poy ekane o Wilson Bentley, enas amerikanos agroths poy ezhse peripoy prin apo 150 xronia.

O Bentley, otan htan 15 xronwn, dexthke ws dwro apo th mhtera toy ena mikroskopio. Molis to epiase sta xeria toy, jekinhse na parathrei tis nifades toy xionioy, oi opoies htan to paqos toy. Gia ayto to ceydwnymo toy htan o ``xiononifadas'' Bentley.

Kata th diarkeia ths zwhs toy, o Wilson Bentley ebgale peripoy 5.000 fwtografies xiononifadwn, apo tis opoies bgainoyn dyo symperasmata: prwton, oti oles oi xiononifades exoyn mia ejagwnikh symmetria - exoyn eite 6 gwnies, eite 6 pleyres, eite 6 aktines, symmetrika topoqethmenes gyrw apo to kentro toys - deyteron, kamia apo tis nifades den einai oloidia me kapoia allh.

Kai giati symbainei ayto; ``H apanthsh brisketai ston tropo poy sxhmatizetai to xioni. Mia nifada xionioy jekina na sxhmatizetai chla sthn atmosfaira gyrw apo ena swmatidio skonhs. Gyrw loipon apo ena swmatidio skonhs, katw apo tis katallhles synqhkes qermokrasias kai pieshs, jekinoyn na ``kolloyn'' mikroi pagokrystalloi'' dhlwnei o fysikos, k. Giwrgos Ecimos.

Oi pagokrystalloi einai kataskeyasmenoi apo moria neroy poy briskontai sthn atmosfaira. Ta moria omws den syndeontai metajy toys oyte sth seira, oyte se sxhma tetragwnoy. Enwnontai me tropo poy sxhmatizoyn ejagwnika ``toyblakia pagoy'', poy einai oi mikroteroi pagokrystalloi poy mporei na yparxoyn.

Me alla logia, kaqws to ena meta to allo ta moria neroy ``kolloyn'' panw se ena swmatidio skonhs, jekina na sxhmatizetai enas pagokrystallos. H diadikasia synexizetai: olo kai perissoteroi pagokrystalloi enwnontai, opote h olokainoyrgia nifada xionioy apokta arketo baros gia na arxisei na peftei pros tis steges twn spitiwn. Sthn poreia ths synanta ki alloys pagokrystalloys, poy kai aytoi enwnontai me th nifada, megalwnontas ki allo to megeqos ths. Mia nifada xionioy mporei na ftasei na perilambanei mexri kai 200 pagokrystalloys.

To ajioshmeiwto einai oti akomh kai otan enwqoyn polloi pagokrystalloi, o pagokrystallos poy prokyptei synexizei na exei ejagwnikh symmetria.

``To oti den einai oloidies ofeiletai sto oti oi synqhkes poy epikratoyn gyrw apo kaqe nifada kaqws ayth sxhmatizetai mexri na ftasei sto edafos, emfanizoyn poly megalh poikilia. Otan px. mia nifada sxhmatizetai se qermokrasies 1 - 2 baqmoys Kelsioy, oi pagokrystalloi ths syndeontai wste na sxhmatizoyn ena ejagwniko piato. Se qermokrasies omws 11 - 12 baqmwn, oi nifades protimoyn na megalwnoyn apoktwntas to sxhma enos asterioy me eji koryfes'' ejhgei o idios.

Omws einai idiaitera apiqano h diadikasia sxhmatismoy mias nifadas na pragmatopoihqei akribws me ton idio tropo dyo fores? Ayto qa shmaine oti oi dyo xiononifades qa eixan mexri thn afijh toys sto edafos synanthsei oxi mono ton idio ariqmo panomoiotypwn pagokrystallwn, alla kai me thn idia akribws seira. ``Einai san na kaneis thn idia dekalepth bolta sth polh soy, dyo diaforetikes meres, kai na synanthseis -kai tis dyo fores- toys idioys anqrwpoys sthn idia qesh?'' ejhgei.

To Elato kai to Fws twn Xristoygennwn

H xrhsh ths fwtias, dhladh ths flogas, exei syndeqei me kati iero, me kati zwogono. Fws apokaloyn oi xristianoi to qeo. Einai malista h lejh fws h monh sth Kainh Diaqhkh poy xrhsimopoieitai anti ths lejhs qeos.

O eortasmos ths gennhshs toy Ihsoy Xristoy ginetai se epoxh opoy sta merh poy kyriarxei o xristianismos yparxei xeimwnas, kryo kai megalhs diarkeias nyxta. ``Isws sth shmerinh epoxh h episthmh kai h texnologia na apoteloyn isxyra opla gia thn katapolemhsh twn deinwn poy fernei ston anqrwpo to kryo kai to skotadi, omws gia polloys aiwnes ayta shmainan apeilh gia thn idia toy thn yparjh. Etsi oi anqrwpoi kata ton eortasmo ths gennhshs toy qeanqrwpoy toys epizhtoyn sthn oysia thn elpida kai thn aisiodojia. Symbolo loipon ths qrhskeytikhs ayths giorths kai twn epiqymiwn toys egine anapofeykta to fws kai h floga poy to genna'', anaferei o episthmonikos ereynhths se qemata anaptyjhs kainotomwn kai energeiaka apodotikwn phgwn fwtos sto Metsobio Polytexneio, k. Spyros Kitsinelhs.

Kapws etsi oi xristianoi pantrecan ena allo eqimo poy hrqe apo ta boreia merh ths hpeiroy mas, dhladh to xristoygenniatiko dentro (poy epishs symbolizei th zwh kai thn epibiwsh sto sklhro xeimwna) me to fws. Dhladh to stolismo toy dentroy me phges fwtos.

O stolismos toy elatoy jekinhse apo tis xwres ths Boreias Eyrwphs. Symfwna me thn paradosh, oi katoikoi ths Letonias einai aytoi poy stolisan to prwto Xristoygenniatiko dentro gyrw stis arxes toy 16oy aiwna, enw sth Germania arxisan na to stolizoyn me keria, gia na symbolisoyn tis cyxes twn mikrwn paidiwn. Ayth h paradosh perase stis HPA, molis sta mesa toy 19oy aiwna, enw h xrhsh hlektrikwn fwtwn jekinhse apo to bohqo toy Tomas Entison, toy efeyreth toy hlektrikoy lampthra, to 1882.

Shmera, h paragwgh fysikwn Xristoygenniatikwn dentrwn einai mia oloklhrh biomhxania sthn Eyrwph kai stis HPA. Mono sthn Amerikh, ekato xiliades anqrwpoi ergazontai se aythn, enw dyo xiliades tetragwnika xiliometra fyteyontai me diafores poikilies elatwn gia ayto to skopo.

``Symfwna me sxetikes ereynes, kaqe ektario apo ayta ta fytwria paragei to ojygono poy xreiazontai kaqe mera dekaoktw anqrwpoi - an kanete ton pollaplasiasmo, qa deite oti mono sthn Amerikh, ta zwntana Xristoygenniatika dentra paragoyn ojygono gia 9 ekatommyria anqrwpoys kaqe mera. Ektos apo ayto, an anakyklwsoyme ena zwntano Xristoygenniatiko dentro, pairnoyme prionidi poy einai xrhsimo gia antidiabrwtika erga. Antiqeta, ena plastiko dentro qa diakosmhsei gia pente h eji xronia to saloni mas, alla gia ekatontades xronia mia xwmaterh'' ypogrammizei o ereynhths toy Institoytoy Systhmatwn Epikoinwniwn kai Ypologistwn sto Metsobio Polytexneio, k. Kwstas Karpoyzhs.

H fwtagwghsh, wstoso, twn dentrwn exei kai to kostos ths. Ta dentra stis kentrikes plateies twn polewn ftanoyn se arketes periptwseis ta eikosi metra. Me enan proxeiro ypologismo - qewrwntas ena meso oro 1.000 lampakia gia kaqe metro - ena tetoio dentro qa exei panw apo 22 xiliades lampakia. Afoy milame gia lampes ejwterikoy xwroy, oi apaithseis se hlektriko reyma einai megales.

``An exoyme ta fwta anammena gia 12 wres, katalhgoyme se katanalwsh miamishs megabatwras thn hmera. An kaime lignith gia na paragoyme aythn thn hlektrikh energeia, opws ginetai kata koron sthn Ellada, tote eklyoyme sxedon ena tono diojeidioy toy anqraka thn hmera gia na fwtisoyme ta lampakia toy Xristoygenniatikoy dentroy'' anaferei.

Gibayto to logo, thn epomenh fora poy qa stolisoyme ena ktirio h ena dromo me fwta poy qa einai anammena olh th nyxta, as skeftoyme oti to alhqino fws twn Xristoygennwn brisketai stis cyxes mas kai sto xamogelo oswn bohqame.

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