[01] Beltiwqhke h antagwnistikothta ths Elladas

Antiqeta, stasimh paremeine ston deikth oikonomikhs apodoshs (49h qesh). Ejalloy, kata to IMD, oi "daimones" ths grafeiokratias, twn dyskoliwn sthn enarjh epixeirhshs, toy xreoys ths kentrikhs kybernhshs, toy elleimmatos kai twn xamhlwn dapanwn gia ereyna- ekpaideysh, ejakoloyqoyn na "talaipwroyn" thn ellhnikh oikonomia.

Ta apotelesmata ths fetinhs ekqeshs toy IMD paroysiase shmera -sth Qessalonikh- o proedros toy Syndesmoy Biomhxaniwn Boreioy Ellados (S.B.B.E.) Gewrgios Mylwnas. Sto plaisio ths synergasias toy me to IMD, o SBBE synergasqhke kai fetos me to Institoyto Oikonomikwn kai Biomhxanikwn Ereynwn (I.O.B.E.), to opoio pareixe ta anagkaia makroikonomika dedomena.

Sxoliazontas ta apotelesmata ths ekqeshs, o k.Mylwnas ejefrase thn aisiodojia toy oti h beltiwsh ths qeshs ths Elladas qa synexistei, ean ejasfalistoyn mia seira apo proypoqeseis, opws h entatikopoihsh ths prospaqeias proselkyshs jenwn ameswn ependysewn sthn perifereia.

D.Sioyfas: H Ellada anestrece mia ptwtikh poreia pente etwn Me aformh thn paroysiash ths ekqeshs, o ypoyrgos Anaptyjhs, Dhmhtrhs Sioyfas, ejefrase -apo thn Aqhna- thn ikanopoihsh toy gia to gegonos oti ``h Ellada, gia prwth fora meta to 2001, beltiwnei th qesh ths sth synolikh dieqnh katatajh antagwnistikothtas, exontas anastrecei thn epi pentaetia synexh ptwtikh ths poreia''.

O idios tonise oti h fetinh ekqesh toy IMD einai ``h prwth poy sthrizetai se stoixeia poy aforoyn amigws thn periodo ths Neas Diakybernhshs'' kai prosqese oti h Ellada jeperase sthn katatajh xwres opws oi Portogalia, Toyrkia, Notia Afrikh kai Iordania. Epishs, paroysiazei thn trith kalyterh beltiwsh sthn katatajh meta thn Kina (h opoia beltiwse thn katatajh ths kata 12 qeseis), kai thn India (h opoia petyxe beltiwsh 10 qesewn).

``Wstoso, den stamatoyme edw, synexizoyme me ameiwto ryqmo kai enteinomeno zhlo. Stoxos olwn mas einai h synexws ayjanomenh antagwnistikothta twn ellhnikwn epixeirhsewn kai ths ellhnikhs oikonomias. Stoxos mas einai h Ellada ths poiothtas, ths ejwstrefeias, ths kainotomias. Mia Ellada paragwgikh, me ayjhmenh koinwnikh synoxh kai eyhmeria gia oloys toys polites. Gi ayto anakhryjame ta eth 2005 -2010 ws Eth Antagwnistikothtas gia na ktisoyme oloi mazi thn antagwnistikh Ellada me poiothta pantoy'', katelhje.

"Atoy" o toyrismos kai oi yphresies, "plhgh" to emporiko isozygio kai h anergia Toyrismos, ejagwges emporikwn yphresiwn kai apoqemata jenwn ependysewn se metoxes sto eswteriko, fainetai oti apoteloyn tis treis "nayarxides" ths Elladas se epipedo oikonomikhs apodoshs, opws prokyptei apo thn ekqesh toy IMD. Endeiktiko einai oti h Ellada breqhke fetos 8h metajy 61 oikonomiwn, se o,ti afora thn toyristikh drasthriothta ws pososto epi toy AEP kai 9h apo apoch ejagwgwn yphresiwn (p.x, metaforikwn kai tajidiwtikwn). Parallhla, einai 15h sthn pagkosmia katatajh se o,ti afora ta apoqemata jenwn ependysewn se metoxes.

Antiqeta, oi ejagwges proiontwn kai agaqwn ws pososto epi toy AEP, den epefylajan qetikes ekplhjeis fetos, afoy h Ellada breqhke kai pali oyragos sthn katatajh (60h apo 59h perysi). Anoixto paramenei kai to "metwpo" ths anergias ws synoloy epi toy ergatikoy dynamikoy (49h).

Sthn kathgoria ths kybernhtikhs apotelesmatikothtas, metajy twn pleonekthmatwn sygkatalegontai h kratikh bohqeia (7h qesh apo 8h perysi) kai h poreia toy ejwterikoy xreoys ths kentrikhs kybernhshs (13h apo 15h). Ston antipoda, h Ellada ejakoloyqei na "dyskoleyei" osoys epiqymoyn na jekinhsoyn epixeirhmatikh drasthriothta (59h) kai na paroysiazei ayjhmenh grafeiokratia (54h), ychlo xreos kentrikhs kybernhshs ws pososto epi toy AEP (53h) kai megalo elleimma (51h).

Sxetika ychles einai oi amoibes twn stelexwn ths anwtaths dioikhshs, ejasfalizontas sth xwra mas thn 26h qesh ston deikth epixeirhmatikhs apotelesmatikothtas (estw kai me ptwsh se sxesh me thn 23h to 2005). H Ellada apwlese qeseis kai sthn pragmatikh ayjhsh ths synolikhs paragwgikothtas, an kai diathrhse ton "phxh" sxetika chla (29h apo 25h).

Pantws, oi epixeirhseis ejakoloyqoyn na mh dinoyn proteraiothta sthn ekpaideysh twn ergazomenwn (58h qesh apo 54h perysi), enw h Ellada den deixnei na apotelei deleastiko proorismo gia to jeno ejeidikeymeno anqrwpino dynamiko (56h). Epiprosqeta, oi epixeirhseis paroysiazoyn ychlo etairiko xreos (51h).

Sthn kathgoria "ypodomes", telos, h Ellada mporei na dwsei stis ypoloipes xwres "maqhmata" ws pros tis analogies maqhtwn kai kaqhghtwn sth deyterobaqmia kai prwtobaqmia ekpaideysh (2h kai 9h qesh) kai se o, ti afora to isxyro endiaferon twn newn gia thn episthmh- texnologia (9h) kai tis synolikes dapanes sthn ygeia ws pososto epi toy AEP (epishs 9h). Wstoso, para thn plhqwra kaqhghtwn, "agkaqia" paramenoyn h xamhlh synolikh dapanh gia thn ekpaideysh (51h) kai thn ereyna-anaptyjh, toso apo ton idiwtiko, oso kai apo to dhmosio tomea (50h).

HPA, Xongk Kongk, Sigkapoyrh sthn prwth triada Stis treis koryfaies qeseis ths pagkosmias listas antagwnistikothtas toy IMD paremeinan oi HPA, Xongk Kongk kai Sigkapoyrh, enw thn prwth dekada symplhrwsan oi xwres Islandia, Dania, Aystralia, Elbetia, Kanadas, Loyjemboyrgo, Filandia. Genika, h pagkosmia oikonomia gnwrise ``ekrhjh'' perysi: apo tis 61 ejetazomenes oikonomies, 22 eixan ryqmo anaptyjhs panw apo 5%, 39 anw toy 3% kai 48 panw apo 2%.

To Institoyto problepei oti h ychlh timh toy petrelaioy qa ejakoloyqhsei na ephreazei to topio antagwnistikothtas sto kontino mellon, oti oi H.P.A. qa synexisoyn na yperkatanalwnoyn xrhma kai na sthrizontai se jena kefalaia gia thn kalych toy elleimmatos toys kai oti qa parameinei ameiwth h ``orejh'' ths Asias gia prwtes yles (me apotelesma na ayjhqoyn oi times proiontwn kai ``xrhmatos'').

To IMD proeidopoiei, epishs, oti h epilogh ths xwras metegkatastashs epixeirhsewn prepei na ginetai me gnwmona oxi mono to kostos, alla kyriws paragontes opws epixeirhmatiko-qesmiko plaisio h h piqanothta grhgorhs metabolhs twn antagwnistikwn pleonekthmatwn. Epishs, epishmainei oti oi anaptygmenes xwres den antagwnizontai pleon gia fqhna ergatika "xeria", alla kyriws gia fqhno ychla ejeidikeymeno anqrwpino dynamiko.

Oi protaseis twn Boreioelladitwn biomhxanwn Synocizontas, o k.Mylwnas epeshmane oti kyriarxo zhthma gia thn kybernhsh qa prepei na einai h perifereiakh sygklish. O idios tonise oti prepei na entatikopoihqoyn oi kybernhtikes prospaqeies gia thn proselkysh jenwn ependysewn, poy qa xwroqetoyntai sthn perifereia kai idiws sth Boreia Ellada, alla kai na parasxeqoyn kinhtra kai emprakth kratikh enisxysh gia thn ejwstrefeia twn epixeirhsewn. Epishs, zhthse na meiwqoyn h grafeiokratia kai oi syntelestes etairikhs forologias, na pataxqei h diafqora sto dhmosio kai na timwroyntai osoi den throyn tis arxes toy ygioys antagwnismoy.

Epeshmane akomh oti prepei na entatikopoihqoyn oi ryqmoi ylopoihshs toy G' KPS kai na doqei akomh pio safhs perifereiakh diastash sto D', na ylopoihqei h Zwnh Kainotomias Anatolikhs Qessalonikhs kai na dhmioyrghqoyn perifereiaka symboylia antagwnistikothtas.

Epishs, askhse sklhrh kritikh sto ellhniko ekpaideytiko systhma, yposthrizontas oti epiballetai o metasxhmatismos toy gia thn paragwgh stelexwn, poy qa mporoysan na ergastoyn amesa se ellhnikes epixeirhseis, kaqws shmera, polloi apofoitoi twn ellhnikwn AEI einai -opws xarakthristika eipe- "tenekedes" kai den apokleietai oi megaloi epixeirhmaties ths xwras mas na anagkastoyn na "antigracoyn" thn tash poy hdh ekdhlwnetai sto ejwteriko, px, gia metafora logisthriwn sthn India.

Gia to asfalistiko, tonise oti eprepe na exei anoijei pro kairoy, afoy para tis toses analogistikes meletes, den yparxei jekaqarh eikona gia to megeqos toy problhmatos. Gia tis metarryqmiseis ths kybernhshs eipe oti einai sth swsth kateyqynsh, alla prepei na epitaxynqoyn oi ryqmoi._

AL.G

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