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OMRI Daily Digest II, No. 201, 16 October 1995

From: "Steve Iatrou" <siatrou@cdsp.neu.edu>

Open Media Research Institute Directory

CONTENTS

  • [1] KARADZIC DEMANDS SCAPEGOATS . . .

  • [2] . . . BUT ONLY A MINOR LEADER GOES.

  • [3] BOSNIAN BATTLEFIELD UPDATE.

  • [4] BOSNIAN SERBS REOPEN CONCENTRATION CAMPS.

  • [5] SHALIKASHVILI'S BALKAN TOUR. U.S

  • [6] ROMANIAN PRESIDENT ON YUGOSLAV-RELATED LOSSES.

  • [7] ROMANIAN COURT ON THRONE SUCCESSION.

  • [8] ROMANIA, EU DISCUSS INTEGRATION.

  • [9] MOLDOVAN TRADE UNIONS STAGE PROTESTS.

  • [10] ALBANIAN PRESIDENT VISITS ITALY.

  • [11] GREECE LIFTS BLOCKADE ON MACEDONIA.


  • OMRI DAILY DIGEST

    No. 201, Part II, 16 October 1995

    SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

    [1] KARADZIC DEMANDS SCAPEGOATS . . .

    The Bosnian Serb parliament met in Banja Luka on 15 October following a gathering of the ruling Serbian Democratic Party. Civilian leader Radovan Karadzic continued his apparent power-play with military commander General Ratko Mladic, demanding that the army leadership "bear the consequences . . . for a considerable loss of territory and military defeats. Army commanders must look each other in the eyes and see which of them was taking brigades out [of battle] without an order or approval. Those unable to respond to enemy attacks must be either replaced or they must change their attitude." The International Herald Tribune and Nasa Borba ran the story on 16 October. -- Patrick Moore

    [2] . . . BUT ONLY A MINOR LEADER GOES.

    Independent legislator Milorad Dodig and seven colleagues have demanded a purge of both the civilian and military leaderships, AFP noted. Other deputies have urged the sacking of General Milan Gvero and three other commanders. Mladic, who can usually count on the backing of his generals and of Belgrade, simply called for a "decisive battle," the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung added. But in the end, the legislature left both internationally wanted war criminals, Karadzic and Mladic, in power. The only "resignation" was that of Prime Minister Dusan Kozic, a relatively minor figure. Meanwhile, as Serbian refugees continue to flee in northwest Bosnia, the legislature took steps to shore up the Serbian position there. Although it rejected a motion to move the capital from Pale to Banja Luka, it did agree to place the supreme military command there and to call for a reorganization of regional defenses. -- Patrick Moore

    [3] BOSNIAN BATTLEFIELD UPDATE.

    International media on 16 October reported that the military situation is stabilizing. Serbian military sources the previous day said the Banja Luka front is firming up 50 km west and 35 km south of the town. The Serbs charged on 13 October that allied forces shelled Prijedor, where Karadzic was visiting. He called on the U.S. to use its influence with the allies to make them stop. A UN spokesman said that 40,000 Serbs fled Prijedor on one day alone, Reuters noted. Croatian Radio on 15 October quoted Bosnian Foreign Minister Muhamed Sacirbey as urging Serbian civilians not to abandon their homes. Elsewhere, AFP quoted Bosnian General Atif Dudakovic as saying that peace will be made only on the battlefield, and that "the Serbs must be stopped with the only language they know." -- Patrick Moore

    [4] BOSNIAN SERBS REOPEN CONCENTRATION CAMPS.

    Bosnian Croats and Muslims expelled from the Banja Luka area claim that the Bosnian Serbs have reopened two concentration camps near the northwestern city, AFP reported on 16 October. The Manjaca camp held between 4,500 and 6,000 people, mostly Muslims, at the beginning of war in 1992; it was later shut down under international pressure. Meanwhile, Moslem authorities in Sanski Most, recently recaptured from the Serbs, have found the corpses of 85 people killed during the Serbs' retreat. They fear that 160 may still be found. Some 1,000 Moslem men are missing in Sanski Most, and the authorities suspect they are being held by Serbs at the Manjaca camp. -- Daria Sito Sucic

    [5] SHALIKASHVILI'S BALKAN TOUR. U.S.

    army General Chief of Staff John Shalikashvili began a tour of Albania, Macedonia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Croatia on 12 October, international media reported. He attended the closing ceremony of a joint U.S.-Albanian military exercise and promised U.S. assistance in building a military training center in Albania, which has provided NATO with port and air facilities. Shalikashvili met with parliamentary chairman and acting President Stojan Andov in Skopje on 13 October, saying he supports Macedonia's ambitions to join the Partnership for Peace program. Shalikashvili the next day met with government and military leaders in Sarajevo to review NATO plans to send 60,000 troops, including 25,000 Americans, to supervise the implementation of a Bosnian peace settlement. -- Fabian Schmidt

    [6] ROMANIAN PRESIDENT ON YUGOSLAV-RELATED LOSSES.

    Ion Iliescu, speaking to journalists on 15 October in La Valletta, said the UN economic embargo against the rump Yugoslavia has cost his country some $8 billion. He also said that international loans granted Romania are no compensation for those losses. Iliescu arrived in Malta on 14 October to attend a Crans Montana conference of countries from Europe and the Mediterranean on possible ways to ease the sanctions against Serbia and Montenegro, Radio Bucharest reported. The next day, he began a two-day official visit to Tunisia at the invitation of his Tunisian counterpart, Zine al- Abidine ben Ali. -- Dan Ionescu

    [7] ROMANIAN COURT ON THRONE SUCCESSION.

    A court in Alexandria on 13 October issued a statement supporting the claims of self-styled Prince Paul of Romania to the succession of the Romanian throne, Radio Bucharest reported. The statement proclaimed the validity on Romanian territory of a decision taken by a Lisbon court in 1955 in favor of Paul's father, Carol Mircea, the son of late Romanian King Carol II from a morganatic marriage. Romanian independent media consider the court's decision a direct attack against Romania's last king, Mihai I, who was forced into exile by the communists in December 1947 and now lives in Swiss exile. The 13 October decision coincided with a visit to Romania by Mihai's wife, Ana de Bourbon-Parma. -- Dan Ionescu

    [8] ROMANIA, EU DISCUSS INTEGRATION.

    Romanian and European Union officials met in Bucharest on 12-13 October to discuss Romania's integration into European structures, Romanian and international media reported. The participants analyzed Romania's strategy for EU integration as well as the implementation of the European Integration Agreement. Romanian Prime Minister Nicolae Vacaroiu said economic and legislative reforms were the main condition for EU integration. It is hoped that in the future, Romania and other associate members will participate in EU programs as full members. Meanwhile, the 94th Conference of the Inter-Parliamentary Union ended in Bucharest on 13 October, Radio Bucharest reported. The conference adopted resolutions on the global political and economic situation, on the role of parliaments in fighting corruption, and on banning nuclear tests. -- Matyas Szabo

    [9] MOLDOVAN TRADE UNIONS STAGE PROTESTS.

    Several trade unions held protests throughout Moldova to demand an improvement in living standards and crime-fighting measures, BASA-press reported on 14 October. About 3,000 people attended the protest meeting in Chisinau, where speakers said that the government owed 194.4 million lei ($43 million) to employees in unpaid wages and that every sixth employee at state enterprises was on forced leave. Crime in Moldova went up 19% in the first half of 1995, with every fourth offense committed by a jobless person. -- Matyas Szabo

    [10] ALBANIAN PRESIDENT VISITS ITALY.

    Sali Berisha and Albanian Defense Minister Safet Zhulali, during a three-day visit to Italy that began on 13 October, signed a friendship treaty as well as military and economic agreements with Italian Defense Minister Domenico Corcione and Finance Minister Augusto Fantozzi, Reuters reported the same day. Berisha promised to stop illegal immigration from Albania to Puglia. Italian officials said the first steps toward an agreement on the issue of visas for Albanians performing seasonal work were taken in an exchange of letters. Some 100,000 Albanians are estimated to have migrated to Italy since 1991, of whom 35,000 have done so legally. Berisha also met with President Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, Prime Minister Lamberto Dini, and the pope, Gazeta Shqiptare reported the next day. -- Fabian Schmidt

    [11] GREECE LIFTS BLOCKADE ON MACEDONIA.

    Greece on 14 October officially opened its border with Macedonia, international agencies reported. While Greek sources say the border was indeed opened that day, Macedonian reports say that only a Macedonian TV crew was allowed to cross following the intervention of Greek colleagues. The next day, individuals on foot and passenger cars were reported crossing the border, but no trucks. Macedonian tourists will be given a Greek visa stamped on white sheets of paper. Greece imposed the embargo in February 1994 in order to force Macedonia to change its name, flag, and constitution. Under an accord signed on 13 September 1995, Greece agreed to lift the embargo within 30 days. -- Stefan Krause

    This material was reprinted with permission of the Open Media Research Institute, a nonprofit organization with research offices in Prague, Czech Republic.
    For more information on OMRI publications please write to info@omri.cz

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