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Voice of America, 96-12-16Voice of America: Selected Articles Directory - Previous Article - Next ArticleFrom: The Voice of America <gopher://gopher.voa.gov>CONTENTS
[01] MONDAY'S EDITORIALS BY ANDREW N. GUTHRIE (WASHINGTON)DATE=12/16/96TYPE=U-S EDITORIAL DIGEST NUMBER=6-09931 TELEPHONE=619-3335 EDITOR=PHIL HAYNES CONTENT= INTRO: A CONTROVERSY OVER PRESIDENT CLINTON'S CHOICE TO HEAD THE C-I-A, ANTHONY LAKE, IS AMONG THE MANY SUBJECTS DISCUSSED ON U-S NEWSPAPER EDITORIAL PAGES TODAY. OTHER TOPICS INCLUDE THE DEBATE OVER PUBLICLY IDENTIFYING CHILD MOLESTERS WHEN THEY ARE RELEASED FROM PRISON; THE NEW U-N SECRETARY-GENERAL; THE PASSING OF A GREAT ARCHAEOLOGIST; THE DECLINE OF CUBA'S FIDEL CASTRO, AND THE MORALITY OF DOING BUSINESS IN BURMA. NOW, HERE WITH A CLOSER LOOK IS _________________ AND TODAY'S EDITORIAL DIGEST. TEXT: MONDAY'S BOSTON GLOBE SAYS THAT ANTHONY LAKE, THE PRESIDENT'S NOMINEE TO BECOME DIRECTOR OF THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY, HAS A LOT OF EXPLAINING TO DO IN HIS SENATE CONFIRMATION HEARINGS. VOICE: "FOR GOOD CAUSE, THE OUTGOING CHAIRMAN OF THE SENATE ... COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE, REPUBLICAN ... ARLEN SPECTER OF PENNSYLVANIA, HAS RAISED QUESTIONS ABOUT [MR.] LAKE'S FITNESS TO EXERCISE AUTHORITY OVER ALL THE BRANCHES OF THE GOVERNMENT'S INTELLIGENCE APPARATUS. 'I AM ESPECIALLY CONCERNED ABOUT MR. LAKE'S ROLE IN THE ISSUE OF GIVING THE GREEN LIGHT [GO AHEAD] FOR THE IRANIANS TO ARM BOSNIA,' [SENATOR] SPECTER EXPLAINED LAST WEEK... NOT ONLY DID [MR.] LAKE HIDE FROM CONGRESS THE QUESTIONABLE DECISION ON IRANIAN ARMS AT A TIME WHEN CONGRESS WAS DEBATING WHETHER TO LIFT THE ARMS EMBARGO ON THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT; HE ALSO TOLD THE U-S AMBASSADORS INVOLVED NOT TO PUT ANYTHING ABOUT THE DECISION IN WRITING... IF HE IS TO BE CONFIRMED, [MR.] LAKE MUST EXPLAIN HIS DECISION ON IRANIAN ARMS FOR BOSNIA AND APOLOGIZE FOR NOT INFORMING CONGRESS." TEXT: A CONTROVERSY OVER WHETHER CONVICTED CHILD SEX OFFENDERS SHOULD BE PUBLICLY IDENTIFIED AFTER SERVING THEIR PRISON SENTENCES DRAWS THIS COMMENT BY THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION: VOICE: "ANYONE WITH A RECORD OF SEXUALLY MOLESTING CHILDREN IS A DANGER TO SOCIETY AND SHOULD BE SENTENCED TO PRISON FOR A LONG TIME -- PERHAPS FOR LIFE. THE SOLUTION TO PROTECTING SOCIETY FROM SEXUAL PREDATORS SHOULD BE AT THE FRONT END OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM, IN THE SENTENCING PROCESS, AND NOT AT THE BACK END, WHERE CONSTITUTIONAL QUESTIONS OF DOUBLE JEOPARDY AND VIOLATION OF PRIVACY ARISE FROM ATTEMPTS TO KEEP OFFENDERS INCARCERATED OR UNDER SURVEILLANCE." TEXT: NEVERTHELESS, THE ATLANTA PAPER SUPPORTS THE MOVE OF A FULTON COUNTY [GEORGIA] COMMISSIONER TO WIDELY PUBLISH THE NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF RELEASED SEX OFFENDERS SO PARENTS CAN BE WARNED. SEVERAL PEOPLE WITH INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION ARE NOTED IN MONDAY'S EDITORIALS. THE WASHINGTON POST DESCRIBES KOFI ANNAN OF GHANA, ELECTED LAST WEEK AS THE NEW U-N SECRETARY GENERAL, AS AN "ABLE" AND "DEVOTED INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVANT," ADDING: VOICE: "... HE HAS HIS WORK CUT OUT FOR HIM. THE ADMINISTRATION EXPECTS THIS INSIDER'S INSIDER WILL BE ABLE TO DEEPLY RESTRUCTURE A BUREAUCRACY OF WHICH HE HAS BEEN A SMOOTH-FITTING PART FOR 37 YEARS... THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION ACHIEVED A VICTORY BY OUSTING THE DIFFICULT BOUTROS BOUTROS-GHALI. BUT A TOUGHER VICTORY WILL BE TRYING TO MODERNIZE AN ORGANIZATION THAT IS OF CONTINUING SUBSTANTIAL VALUE TO THE UNITED STATES." TEXT: TODAY'S NEW YORK TIMES PAYS TRIBUTE TO MARY LEAKEY, THE KENYAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, WHO DIED LAST WEEK IN NAIROBI, CALLING HER "THE GRANDE DAME OF ARCHAEOLOGY." VOICE: "MARY LEAKEY ... WAS ONE OF THE GREATEST HEROES OF THE HEROIC AGE OF PALEOANTHROPOLOGY. THE MATRIARCH OF AN EXTRAORDINARY FAMILY OF FOSSIL HUNTERS, HER OWN DISCOVERIES ... HELPED SHAPE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE ORIGINS AND EVOLUTION OF EARLY HUMANS... WITHOUT EVEN A HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA, SHE NEVERTHELESS WON COVETED SCIENTIFIC AWARDS AND HONORARY DEGREES. A SHY HELPMATE TO HER MORE FLAMBOYANT HUSBAND, SHE WENT ON TO EQUAL -- SOME SAY SURPASS -- HIS ACCOMPLISHMENTS." TEXT: IN THE WALL STREET JOURNAL, TODAY'S LEAD EDITORIALS DEALS WITH WHAT THE PAPER CALLS CUBA'S "FADING STAR" -- PRESIDENT FIDEL CASTRO. VOICE: "ONE FIXTURE IN FIDEL CASTRO'S LONG CAREER AS CUBAN STRONGMAN HAS BEEN GRANDILOQUENT DENUNCIATIONS OF HIS FOREIGN CRITICS. IT'S GETTING TO BE A LONELY ENTERPRISE; THESE DAYS DISAPPROVAL OF THE ISLAND DESPOT IS ALSO COMING FROM WITHIN THE SPANISH-SPEAKING WORLD. AT LAST MONTH'S IBERO-AMERICAN SUMMIT ON DEMOCRACY IN SANTIAGO .... ARGENTINE PRESIDENT CARLOS SAUL MENEM, AN OUTSPOKEN CRITIC OF DICTATORSHIP, NOTED THAT 'THERE IS A CONTRADICTION IN INVITING FIDEL CASTRO TO A MEETING WHERE THE MAIN POINT IS DEMOCRACY.' MEANWHILE, MOST OF THE OTHER LATIN AMERICAN LEADERS WERE TRIPPING OVER THEMSELVES IN AN EFFORT TO AVOID MR. CASTRO. EVEN FIDEL'S OLD STANDBY [ALLY], MEXICO ... SEEMED THIS TIME TO BE STEERING CLEAR OF THE CUBAN DICTATOR." TEXT: IN BALTIMORE, THE SUN, SALUTES THE PROGRESS OF BLACK BUSINESS PEOPLE IN SOUTH AFRICA, BUT PONDERS POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS ARISING THERE. VOICE: "NOT ALL BLACKS LIVED IN POVERTY UNDER APARTHEID. A GREAT MAJORITY DID, BUT THERE WERE ALSO BLACK MILLIONAIRES. MOST OF THEM OWNED TAXI FLEETS, BEER HALLS AND SPORTS CLUBS SERVING BLACK TOWNSHIPS. BUT SOME OF THE RELATIVELY FEW BLACK PROFESSIONALS ALSO BECAME WEALTHY. THIS WEALTH IS HIDDEN NO MORE. BLACK INVESTORS HAVE BOUGHT BIG CHUNKS IN TWO CONGLOMERATES... THROUGH THESE DEALS, BLACKS ARE ENTERING SOUTH AFRICA'S ECONOMIC MAINSTREAM... BUT SINCE MOST OF THE MONEY FOR THE ACQUISITIONS CAME FROM BLACK LABOR UNIONS AND THEIR PENSION FUNDS, THEIR PARTICIPATION WILL PRESENT SOME TRICKY CHALLENGES... MANY HAVE WELCOMED THESE ACQUISITIONS AS SIGNS OF BLACK EMPOWERMENT. OTHERS WONDER JUST WHO WILL BENEFIT: A HANDFUL OF RICH INDIVIDUALS OR THE MASSES?" TEXT: LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK, NEWSDAY FINDS IT INCREDIBLE THAT THE PENTAGON IS NOW SAYING NO ONE IN THE U-S AIR FORCE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY NEGLIGENCE IN THE SAUDI ARABIAN BARRACKS BOMBING THAT KILLED 19 AMERICANS AND LEFT 500 WOUNDED. VOICE: "THE CASUALTY LIST FROM THE TERRORIST TRUCK-BOMBING ... IS PROOF ENOUGH THAT AMERICAN COMMANDERS DIDN'T TAKE ADEQUATE MEASURES TO PROTECT THEIR FORCES... NOW THE AIR FORCE IS SAYING ... THERE WAS NO DERELICTION OF DUTY, NO CULPABILITY. AND NOBODY EVEN HAS TO BE REPRIMANDED, MUCH LESS COURT-MARTIALED... THE AIR FORCE MUST ACKNOWLEDGE THAT SOME OF ITS PEOPLE SCREWED UP, [ERRED ] LETHALLY, IF ONLY TO MAKE ITS OFFICERS UNDERSTAND THAT 'THEY' [ITALICS FOR EMPHASIS] WILL PAY A PENALTY IF THEY LET IT HAPPEN AGAIN." TEXT: THE NEW YORK POST AGREES, WHOLEHEARTEDLY, NOTING: VOICE: "ONCE UPON A TIME, PERSONAL ACCOUNTABILITY WALKED HAND-IN-HAND WITH THE PERQUISITES OF COMMAND IN AMERICA'S ARMED FORCES. THOSE DAYS, IT APPEARS, ARE OVER... THE AIR FORCE MAY HAVE ITS REASONS FOR DECLINING TO ENFORCE COMMAND ACCOUNTABILITY. WE'D LIKE TO HEAR THEM. EVEN SO, A STAIN ON THE AIR FORCE'S HONOR ATTEND THE DECISION TO EXONERATE [BRIGADIER GENERAL TERRYL] SCHWALIER [COMMANDING OFFICER OF THE KHOBAR TOWERS MILITARY HOUSING COMPLEX AT DHAHRAN] -- A STAIN THAT WILL BE A LONG TIME COMING OUT." TEXT: AND LASTLY, ON DOING BUSINESS WITH BURMA, TODAY'S NEW YORK TIMES NOTES: VOICE: "POLITICS SHOULD NOT BE AN ISSUE FOR INTERNATIONAL CORPORATIONS, SAYS A SPOKESMAN FOR THE CALIFORNIA-BASED ENERGY COMPANY UNOCAL, THE SINGLE LARGEST AMERICAN INVESTOR IN THE SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATION OF MYANMAR [BURMA]. HE WAS REPLAYING TO SUGGESTIONS THAT UNOCAL PULL OUT OF MYANMAR. BUSINESS EXECUTIVES, AS THEY LIKE TO POINT OUT, ARE NOT SOCIAL WORKERS. BUT AT TIMES A GOVERNMENT IS SO REPRESSIVE AND A COMPANY'S SUPPORT OF IT SO SIGNIFICANT THAT ITS PRESENCE CANNOT HELP BUT BE POLITICAL. SOUTH AFRICA UNDER APARTHEID WAS SUCH A COUNTRY. MYANMAR, FORMERLY KNOWN AS BURMA, IS ANOTHER, AND UNOCAL SHOULD NOT BE DOING BUSINESS THERE." TEXT: THAT CONCLUDES THIS BRIEF SAMPLING OF EDITORIALS FROM
MONDAY'S U-S PRESS.
[02] EDITORIAL: CHRISTOPHER ON BOSNIADATE= DECEMBER 17, 1996TYPE= EDITORIAL NUMBER= 0-07073 CONTENT=THIS IS THE FIRST OF TWO EDITORIALS BEING RELEASED FOR BROADCAST DECEMBER 17, 1996. ANNCR: THE VOICE OF AMERICA PRESENTS DIFFERING POINTS OF VIEW ON A WIDE VARIETY OF ISSUES. NEXT, AN EDITORIAL EXPRESSING THE POLICIES OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT. VOICE: WHEN THE MISSION OF THE CURRENT INTERNATIONAL FORCE IN BOSNIA ENDS THIS MONTH, A NEW ONE WILL BEGIN, WITH FEWER TROOPS AND AN EIGHTEEN-MONTH MANDATE. ALL THE NON-NATO COUNTRIES THAT PARTICIPATED IN THE FIRST MISSION ARE EXPECTED TO REMAIN IN THE NEW STABILIZATION FORCE. IN BOSNIA, THE WAR HAS ENDED THE WARRING PARTIES HAVE BEEN SEPARATED. TERRITORY HAS BEEN TRANSFERRED. BUT MUCH MORE REMAINS TO BE DONE. THE PARTIES MUST RESPECT FREEDOM OF THE PRESS, HONOR ARMS CONTROL AGREEMENTS, PERMIT FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT, AND ALLOW REFUGEES TO RETURN HOME WITH SECURITY. THE BOSNIANS MUST MAKE THEIR INSTITUTIONS FUNCTION EFFECTIVELY. A COMPETENT AND HONEST CIVIL ADMINISTRATION IS ESSENTIAL. INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE TO BOSNIA WILL ONLY MAKE A DIFFERENCE IF THE PARTIES FULFILL THEIR OBLIGATIONS. FIXING BRIDGES AND ROADS WILL NOT BRING PEACE CLOSER UNLESS PEOPLE AND GOODS CAN MOVE FREELY ACROSS THEM. RECONSTRUCTION ASSISTANCE IS MEANT TO SUPPORT PEACE AND THE ACHIEVEMENT OF A UNIFIED, MULTI-ETHNIC BOSNIA. THE U.S. AND OTHERS WILL WORK TO SPEED UP THE DELIVERY OF RECONSTRUCTION AID TO BOSNIA. BUT AS PRESIDENT BILL CLINTON SAID, "IT IS STILL UP TO THE BOSNIAN PEOPLE TO TAKE RESPONSIBILITY FOR REBUILDING THEIR COUNTRY, RECONCILING WITH THEIR NEIGHBORS, CREATING A DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AND LAYING THE FOUNDATION FOR A SELF-SUSTAINING PEACE." ANNCR: THAT WAS AN EDITORIAL EXPRESSING THE POLICIES OF THE UNITED
STATES GOVERNMENT. IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO BE HEARD ON THIS ISSUE,
PLEASE WRITE TO EDITORIALS, VOICE OF AMERICA, WASHINGTON, D-C,
20547, U-S-A. YOU MAY ALSO SEND US A FAX AT (202) 619-1043.
YOUR COMMENTS MAY BE USED ON THE AIR.
[03] BOEING MERGER / EUROPE BY ANDRE DE NESNERA (LONDON)DATE=12/16/96TYPE=BACKGROUND REPORT NUMBER=5-35221 CONTENT=_ VOICED AT: INTRO: THE BOEING-MCDONNELL DOUGLAS MERGER HAS INCREASED PRESSURE ON THE EUROPEAN CONSORTIUM AIRCRAFT BUILDER "AIRBUS." IN THIS BACKGROUND REPORT FROM LONDON, V-O-A'S ANDRE DE NESNERA LOOKS AT POSSIBLE EFFECTS THE MERGER MAY HAVE ON EUROPE'S LEADING AIRCRAFT MAKER. TEXT: THE BOEING COMPANY IS THE WORLD'S LARGEST AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURER, KNOWN ESSENTIALLY FOR ITS COMMERCIAL PLANES SUCH AS THE 7-3-7 AND THE 7-4-7. MCDONNELL DOUGLAS ONCE DOMINATED COMMERCIAL AVIATION, BUT NOW IS KNOWN FOR ITS MILITARY AIRCRAFT SUCH AS THE F-15 JET FIGHTERS, APACHE HELICOPTERS AND DELTA ROCKETS. BRITISH DEFENSE AND AVIATION EXPERTS SAY THE ANNOUNCED MERGER MAKES A LOT OF BUSINESS SENSE. THEY SAY MCDONNELL DOUGLAS' MILITARY EXPERTISE WILL BOOST BOEING'S VERY SMALL, UNDERSCALED DEFENSE ARM. AT THE SAME TIME, IT GIVES MCDONNELL DOUGLAS A VERY BIG PARENT COMPANY AND A SOLUTION TO ITS PROBLEMS ON THE CIVILIAN AVIATION SIDE. WHILE ACKNOWLEDGING THAT THE BOEING-MCDONNELL DOUGLAS MERGER -- FROM THE AMERICAN STANDPOINT -- IS A MARRIAGE MADE IN HEAVEN, MANY EXPERTS HERE SAY FROM THE EUROPEAN STANDPOINT, IT IS A MARRIAGE MADE IN HELL. THEY SAY THE EUROPEAN CONSORTIUM "AIRBUS" IS NOW FACED WITH A GIANT COMPETITOR AT A TIME WHEN IT WANTS TO MAKE SERIOUS INROADS AGAINST BOEING. "AIRBUS" -- A PARTNERSHIP OF COMPANIES FROM FRANCE, BRITAIN, GERMANY AND SPAIN -- NOW HAS ABOUT 30 PERCENT SHARE OF THE WORLD'S COMMERCIAL AIRLINER MARKET. IT WANTS TO INCREASE THAT SHARE TO 50 PERCENT BY THE TURN OF THE CENTURY. PAUL BEAVER -- SENIOR DEFENSE ANALYST WITH THE BRITISH PUBLICATION "JANE'S DEFENSE WEEKLY" -- SAYS THE MERGER WILL FORCE "AIRBUS" TO SPEED UP ITS RESTRUCTURING PLANS. // BEAVER ACT //NO DOUBT AT ALL, "AIRBUS" WILL BE FORCED TO CHANGE ITS STRATEGY. IT IS GOING TO DO QUITE A LOT OF WORK NOW IN ORDER TO SORT ITSELF OUT, AND I THINK THAT THE MOST IMPORTANT THING IS THAT THE FRENCH AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY NEEDS TO PRIVATIZE IN ORDER TO BE IN A COMPETITIVE POSITION. AS A STATE-RUN MONOPOLY, YOU CANNOT BE IN A COMPETITIVE POSITION IN THE MODERN WORLD, PARTICULARLY AGAINST THE LIKES OF PHIL CONDIT'S (PRESIDENT OF) BOEING. I MEAN HE IS AN AMAZING OPERATOR AND HE HAS PUT TOGETHER WHAT YOU COULD CALL THE DEAL OF THE DECADE. // END ACT ////OPT//KEVIN O'TOOLE -- BUSINESS EDITOR FOR THE BRITISH PUBLICATION "FLIGHT INTERNATIONAL" -- AGREES THAT TO BE COMPETITIVE, "AIRBUS" MUST RESTRUCTURE -- AND RESTRUCTURE SOON. // O'TOOLE ACT //BOEING HAS ULTIMATE CONTROL OVER THE WHOLE OF ITS DESTINY BECAUSE IT IS A SINGLE MANAGEMENT TEAM MAKING SINGLE DECISIONS ABOUT THE WHOLE OF THE COMPANY. "AIRBUS" CAN NOT DO THAT -- IT HAS TO GO THROUGH PROCESSES OF PARTNERS MEETINGS AND AGREEING THINGS. IT CAN NOT RAISE A LOT OF MONEY ON ITS OWN ACCOUNT BECAUSE IT DOES NOT HAVE SHARES. IT IS NOT A HOLDING COMPANY. IT IS A PARTNERSHIP. IT IS LIKE A LEGAL PRACTICE OR A MEDICAL PRACTICE -- IT IS A SERIES OF PARTNERS, EACH OF WHOM OWNS A CERTAIN SHARE OF THE BUSINESS. // END ACT //MR. O'TOOLE SAYS "AIRBUS" MUST BECOME A SINGLE COMPANY A LOT
QUICKER THAN THE INTENDED TARGET DATE OF 1999 IN ORDER TO BE AN
EFFECTIVE COMPETITOR AND INCREASE ITS SHARE OF THE WORLD'S
COMMERCIAL AIRLINER MARKET. (SIGNED)
[04] BOSNIA / SHALIKASHVILI (L) BY KYLE KING (SARAJEVO)DATE=12/16/96TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-207550 CONTENT=_ VOICED AT: INTRO: THE U-S MILITARY'S TOP COMMANDER, GENERAL JOHN SHALIKASHVILI, SAID MONDAY HE'S DISAPPOINTED THAT MORE WAS NOT DONE TO ARREST PEOPLE INDICTED FOR WAR CRIMES IN BOSNIA. THE GENERAL MADE THE COMMENTS IN SARAJEVO, WHERE NATO'S INITIAL PEACEKEEPING TROOPS ARE ABOUT TO TURN OVER THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES TO A NEW FORCE. VOA'S KYLE KING REPORTS. TEXT: GENERAL SHALIKASHVILI, THE CHAIRMAN OF THE U-S JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF, SAYS NATO PEACEKEEPING TROOPS CAN BE PROUD OF WHAT THEY ACCOMPLISHED OVER THE PAST YEAR. WITH THE INITIAL NATO MISSION SCHEDULED TO END DECEMBER 20TH, A NEW, SMALLER STABILIZATION FORCE IS PREPARING TO TAKE OVER FOR THE NEXT 18 MONTHS. DESPITE THE SUCCESS OF THE INITIAL NATO MISSION, GENERAL SHALIKASHVILI SAYS HE IS DISAPPOINTED THAT MORE WAS NOT ACCOMPLISHED TO SECURE A LASTING PEACE. // SHALIKASHVILI ACT //WHILE WE HAVE BEEN VERY SUCCESSFUL IN IMPLEMENTING THE MILITARY ANNEX OF THE DAYTON AGREEMENT, IT IS MUCH MORE DIFFICULT THAT WE THOUGHT -- THAN I THOUGHT -- TO MATCH THAT WITH THE NECESSARY RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ECONOMY, THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, THE POLICE, THE LAW AND ORDER, THE FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT....THOSE THINGS TAKE LONGER AND ARE MORE DIFFICULT. // END ACT //THE GENERAL SAID HE IS ESPECIALLY DISAPPOINTED THAT PEOPLE INDICTED FOR WAR CRIMES HAVE NOT BEEN TURNED OVER TO AUTHORITIES IN THE HAGUE. // SECOND SHALIKASHVILI ACT ///WE MUST NOT BE SATISFIED THAT THOSE PARTIES TO THE AGREEMENT THAT HAVE NOT COMPLIED WITH TURNING OVER INDICTED WAR CRIMINALS ... THAT SOMEHOW, THEY CAN BE LET OFF THE HOOK (LET GO). WE NEED TO INSIST, AND CONTINUE TO PUT ANY KIND OF PRESSURE ON THEM TO ENSURE, THAT THEY TURN OVER THE INDICTED WAR CRIMINALS THAT LIVE WITHIN THE AREA OF RESPONSIBILITY. // END ACT //THE GENERAL SAID SOME WAY MUST BE FOUND TO CREATE A POLICE FORCE
THAT WILL BE ABLE TO ACT IN CASES WHERE THE PARTIES TO THE
YEAR-OLD DAYTON PEACE AGREEMENT REFUSE TO TURN OVER SUSPECTED WAR
CRIMINALS. BUT HE AGAIN SAID HE DID NOT BELIEVE THE NEW NATO
STABILIZATION FORCE SHOULD BE ASKED TO TRY AND TAKE ON THAT
RESPONSIBILITY. (SIGNED)
[05] BOSNIA / THREAT (S ONLY) BY KYLE KING (SARAJEVO)DATE=12/16/96TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-207559 CONTENT=_ VOICED AT: INTRO: THE PRESIDENT OF THE BOSNIAN SERBS HAS THREATENED A NEW ROUND OF FIGHTING OVER CONTROL OF A STRATEGIC STRIP OF TERRITORY IN NORTHEASTERN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. AS VOA'S KYLE KING REPORTS FROM SARAJEVO, CONTROL OF THE REGION IS ONE OF THE KEY UNRESOLVED ISSUES OF THE 43-MONTH WAR IN BOSNIA. TEXT: THE BOSNIAN SERB NEWS AGENCY QUOTES PRESIDENT BILJANA PLAVSIC AS SAYING THE BOSNIAN SERB ARMY MUST SHOW THAT BRCKO IS AN UNTOUCHABLE AREA. SHE SAYS THERE WILL BE NO PEACE IF INTERNATIONAL MEDIATORS AWARD CONTROL OF THE STRATEGIC NORTHEASTERN TOWN TO THE MUSLIM CROAT FEDERATION. BRCKO, WHICH WAS SEIZED BY THE SERBS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE WAR, LIES ON A NARROW STRIP OF LAND LINKING SERB CONTROLLED AREAS IN EASTERN AND WESTERN BOSNIA. UNDER THE TERMS OF THE DAYTON PEACE ACCORD, THE STATUS OF THE TOWN WAS TO BE DECIDED BY AN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION PANEL. BUT THE SERBS PULLED OUT OF THE ARBITRATION EARLIER THIS MONTH, FORCING POSTPONEMENT OF A DECISION UNTIL AT LEAST FEBRUARY 15TH. THE MUSLIM CROAT FEDERATION IN BOSNIA WANTS THE CITY TO BE PLACED
UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY. SERBS, WHO
HOLD THE STRATEGIC STRIP OF TERRITORY, ALONG WITH ITS CRUCIAL
RAIL AND HIGHWAY LINKS TO WESTERN EUROPE, FEAR SUCH A SOLUTION
WILL LEAVE THEIR WESTERN TERRITORY VULNERABLE. (SIGNED)
[06] EURO MARKETS (S-ONLY) BY PAUL FRANCUCH (LONDON)DATE=12/16/96TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-207557 CONTENT=_ VOICED AT: INTRO: THE MAJOR STOCK MARKETS IN WESTERN EUROPE RALLIED MONDAY, BOOSTED IN PART BY A STRONG SHOWING ON WALL STREET AND A WEEKEND AGREEMENT BY EUROPEAN UNION LEADERS TO A PLAN FOR MAKING A COMMON CURRENCY A REALITY. MORE FROM VOA'S PAUL FRANCUCH IN OUR LONDON OFFICES. TEXT: AS WALL STREET GOT OFF TO A HIGHER START MONDAY, MARKETS STILL TRADING IN EUROPE REACTED POSITIVELY AND INVESTORS PLACED THEIR ORDERS. SOME POSITIVE NEWS ALSO CAME FROM A MEETING OF EUROPEAN UNION LEADERS IN DUBLIN, WHICH ENDED WITH NEW STEPS BEING TAKEN TO HELP INSURE THAT A COMMON EUROPEAN CURRENCY COMES INTO USE IN THE YEAR 1999. THE BIGGEST ADVANCE MONDAY WAS REGISTERED IN FRANKFURT AS THE "DAX" INDEX OF 30 MAJOR GERMAN STOCKS CLOSED UP 56 POINTS -- A ONE-DAY GAIN OF TWO PERCENT IN THE VALUE OF THAT MARKET. FRANKFURT ALSO GAINED ON NEWS THE DOLLAR ADVANCED AGAINST THE MARK, MAKING GERMAN EXPORTS MORE APPEALING. SOME MARKET ANALYSTS SAY POSITIVE SIGNS FOR THE EUROPEAN COMMON
CURRENCY HELPED BOOST THE PARIS "CAC-40" INDEX. IT CLOSED UP
JUST OVER 19 POINTS. HERE IN LONDON, THE "FINANCIAL TIMES" INDEX
RALLIED LATE IN THE DAY TO CLOSE UP ALMOST 21-AND-A-HALF POINTS
IN THIN TRADING. (SIGNED)
[07] SERBIA/DEMOS (L ONLY) BY DOUGLAS ROBERTS (GENEVA)DATE=12/16/96TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-207562 CONTENT=_ VOICED AT: INTRO: THE MONTH-LONG WAVE OF ANTI-GOVERNMENT DEMONSTRATIONS IN SERBIA SHOWS NO SIGN OF ABATING. OPPOSITION LEADERS SAY THERE WERE PROTESTS MONDAY IN THIRTY TWO TOWNS AND CITIES, INCLUDING BELGRADE, WHERE AN ESTIMATED 100-THOUSAND PEOPLE TURNED OUT. OPPOSITION LEADERS SAY THE DEMONSTRATIONS WILL CONTINUE UNTIL THE GOVERNMENT RECOGNIZES THEIR VICTORIES IN LAST MONTH'S MUNCIPAL ELECTIONS. FROM THE SERBIAN CAPITAL, VOA'S DOUGLAS ROBERTS REPORTS. TEXT: THE SERBIAN SUPREME COURT HANDED THE OPPOSITION AN APPARENT VICTORY MONDAY, RULING THAT CANDIDATES OF THE ZAJEDNO ALLIANCE WON THE MOST SEATS IN LAST MONTH'S ELECTION IN THE TOWN OF SMEDEREVSKA PALANKA, FIFTY KILOMETERS SOUTHEAST OF HERE. THE MOVE FOLLOWED ANOTHER COURT RULING SUNDAY, FAVORABLE TO THE OPPOSITON, IN SERBIA'S SECOND LARGEST TOWN, NIS. BUT LOCAL ANALYSTS POINT OUT THAT BOTH RULINGS ARE STILL SUBJECT TO APPEAL, AND THEY SAY IT IS BY NO MEANS CERTAIN THAT THE GOVERNMENT OF PRESIDENT SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC IS YET PREPARED TO REVERSE ITS DECISION ANNULING THE RESULTS OF THE NOVEMBER SEVENTEENTH VOTING. OPPOSITION LEADERS SAY THE PROTESTS WILL CONTINUE UNTIL THAT HAPPENS, AND THEY BACKED UP THAT THREAT WITH ANOTHER MASS OPEN-AIR RALLY IN BELGRADE ON A CHILL WINTER EVENING, WITH THE OPPOSITION'S NEW RAP-STYLE THEME SONG BLARING FROM LOUDSPEAKERS. ///ACT, THEME///VUK DRASKOVIC, HEAD OF THE SERBIAN RENEWAL MOVEMENT AND A KEY FIGURE IN THE OPPOSITION COALITION, DREW CHEERS FROM THE CROWD WHEN HE REPORTED ON THE RESULTS OF HIS MEETING IN GENEVA SUNDAY WITH UNITED STATES ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE JOHN KORNBLUM. ///DRASKOVIC ACT, IN SERBIAN///HE SAID THE U-S OFFICIAL VOICED WASHINGTON'S SUPPORT FOR THE PEACEFUL PROTEST MOVEMENT HERE. MR. DRASKOVIC SAID WESTERN POWERS HAVE DECIDED TO SUSPEND ALL CONTACTS WITH PRESIDENT MILOSEVIC UNTIL THE MUNICIPAL ELECTION RESULTS ARE RECOGNIZED. THE OPPOSITION ALSO CLAIMED PROGRESS MONDAY IN ITS EFFORTS TO PERSUADE THE COUNTRY'S MAJOR TRADE UNIONS TO JOIN THE PROTESTS. OPPOSITION LEADERS SAID THEY HAVE RECEIVED A MESSAGE FROM
SERBIA'S LARGEST TRADE UNION ASSOCIATION, AFFILIATED WITH THE
GOVERNMENT, DECLARING THAT THE PROTESTS ARE A LEGITIMATE TOOL IN
THE STRUGGLE FOR WORKERS' RIGHTS. BUT IT WAS NOT CLEAR WHETHER
THE UNION PLANNED TO JOIN THE DEMONSTRATIONS. (SIGNED)
[08] U-S/E-U O'NITER (S ONLY) BY VICTOR BEATTIE (WASHINGTON)DATE=12/15/96TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-207537 CONTENT=_ VOICED AT: INTRO: IRISH PRIME MINISTER AND CURRENT E-U PRESIDENT JOHN BRUTON, ALONG WITH EUROPEAN COMMISSION LEADER JACQUES SANTER, MEET WITH PRESIDENT CLINTON IN WASHINGTON LATER TODAY (MONDAY) FOR A SEMI-ANNUAL SUMMIT AIMED AT IMPROVING TIES. V-O-A'S VICTOR BEATTIE REPORTS A NUMBER OF ECONOMIC ISSUES WILL BE DISCUSSED: TEXT: THE SUMMIT FOLLOWS LAST WEEK'S WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION MEETING IN SINGAPORE, IN WHICH THE E-U DROPPED ITS OPPOSITION TO A U-S-LED ACCORD PHASING OUT TARIFFS ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTS BY THE YEAR 2000: THE TWO SIDES SHOULD INITIAL AN AGREEMENT REDUCING THE TIME ELECTRONICS COMPANIES CAN GET THEIR EXPORTS TO MARKET. U-S STATE DEPARTMENT SPOKESMAN NICHOLAS BURNS SAYS THEY WILL REVIEW PROGRESS IN IMPLEMENTING THE NEW TRANS-ATLANTIC AGENDA SIGNED BY BOTH SIDES LAST YEAR IN MADRID. ///BURNS ACTUALITY///SOME OF THE SPECIFIC ISSUES INVOLVED WILL BE GLOBAL TRADE ISSUES, OUR COLLABORATION IN THE FIGHT AGAINST DRUGS, THE MEANS TO IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OUR ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE AND AFRICA, ECONOMIC RECONSTRUCTION IN BOSNIA, THE GROWTH OF DEMOCRACY IN EASTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE, ALSO CUBA. ///END ACTUALITY///THAT LAST ISSUE IS EXPECTED TO BE THE MOST CONTENTIOUS. WASHINGTON'S NEW LAW -- ALLOWING AMERICAN CITIZENS WHOSE PROPERTY WAS CONFISCATED BY CUBA TO SUE THE FOREIGN FIRMS NOW USING IT -- HAS GENERATED STRONG OPPOSITION IN EUROPE. THE E-U IS CONSIDERING A TRADE ACCORD WITH HAVANA CONDITIONED ON A RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND POLITICAL REFORM. NONETHELESS, AN IRISH OFFICIAL SAYS TIES BETWEEN THE 15-NATION
UNION AND WASHINGTON IS MOVING BEYOND JOINT SECURITY CONCERNS TO
AN ALL-EMBRACING RELATIONSHIP. (SIGNED).
[09] U-S E-U (L ONLY) BY DAVID BORGIDA (WHITE HOUSE)DATE=12/16/96TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-207570 CONTENT=_ VOICED AT: INTRO: PRESIDENT CLINTON MET AT THE WHITE HOUSE MONDAY WITH VISITING EUROPEAN LEADERS. THEY AGREED TO MOVE FORWARD ON AN AGREEMENT SETTING U-S EUROPEAN STANDARDS FOR THE TESTING OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS PRODUCTS, AND THOUGH THEY DISAGREE OVER METHOD, THEY AGREED ON THE COMMON GOAL OF BRINGING DEMOCRACY TO CUBA. V-O-A'S WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENT DAVID BORGIDA HAS DETAILS. TEXT: PRESIDENT CLINTON, IRISH PRIME MINISTER JOHN BRUTON, WHO HOLDS THE EUROPEAN UNION ROTATING PRESIDENCY, AND EUROPEAN COMMISSION PRESIDENT JACQUES SANTER EMERGED FROM SEVERAL HOURS OF TALKS COMMITTED TO A TRADE AGREEMENT AS WELL AS ON TWO FOREIGN POLICY GOALS. FIRST, THE TRADE AGREEMENT. PRESIDENT CLINTON DISCUSSED THAT: ///CLINTON ACT///NEXT MONTH OUR NEGOTIATORS WILL FINISH WORK ON A SET OF MUTUAL RECOGNITION AGREEMENTS WHICH WILL ABOLISH REQUIREMENTS THAT A BROAD RANGE OF PRODUCTS, INCLUDING TELECOMMMUNICATIONS AND MEDICAL EQUIPMENT, BE RE-INSPECTED AND RE-CERTIFIED FOR EACH OTHER'S MARKETS. THIS WILL REMOVE BARRIERS ON FORTY BILLION DOLLARS WORTH OF TRADE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE EUROPEAN UNION, CUTTING RED TAPE FOR OUR BUSINESSES AND PRICES FOR OUR CONSUMERS-- ONE STANDARD, ONE TEST, ONE TIME. ///END ACT///ON THE DIVISIVE MATTER OF HOW TO BEST BRING DEMOCRACY TO CUBA, THEY AGREED TO DISAGREE ON METHOD, BUT NOT ON THE GOAL. A U-S LAW, CALLED HELMS-BURTON, INCLUDES A PROVISION THAT WOULD PUNISH INDIVIDUALS OR FIRMS THAT HAVE PROFITTED FROM POPERTY NATIONALIZED BY CUBA. IN AUGUST, PRESIDENT CLINTON SAID HE WOULD DELAY FOR SIX MONTHS A DECISION ON WHETHER TO PRESS AHEAD, IN ORDER TO DISCUSS EUROPEAN OPPOSITION. EUROPEANS BELIEVE THE UNITED STATES IS SEEKING TO IMPOSE ITS WILL ON THEM. MONDAY PRESIDENT CLINTON SAID HE HAS NOT YET DECIDED ON THE MATTER. ALL THREE LEADERS MINIMIZED THE DISPUTE. AT THE NEWS CONFERENCE, EUROPEAN COMMISSION PRESIDENT SANTER PUT IT THIS WAY: ///SANTER ACT///WE HAVE HELPED CLEAR THE AIR ON CUBA. TODAY'S TALKS HAVE CONVINCED ME, THAT ALTHOUGH OUR VIEWS MAY DIFFER ON THE MEANS, WE CERTAINLY AGREE ON THE END GOAL. ///END ACT///ON SATURDAY, THE EUROPEAN UNION APPROVED A DECLARATION PLEDGING TO SEEK COMMON GROUND WITH THE UNITED STATES ON THE ISSUE. FOR HIS PART, MR. BRUTON WAS UPBEAT ABOUT MONDAY'S WHITE HOUSE MEETING, CALLING IT A SUCCESSFUL SUMMIT. THE IRISH PRIME MINISTER MEETS WITH PRESIDENT CLINTON TUESDAY TO
DISCUSS THE NORTHERN IRELAND PEACE PROCESS. (SIGNED)
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