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Voice of America, 6 June 1996 (2 of 2)Voice of America Directory - Previous Article - Next ArticleFrom: The Voice of America <gopher://gopher.voa.gov>CONTENTS
[01] E-U/SLAVERY (L ONLY) BY JOHN FRASER (BRUSSELS)DATE=6/6/96TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-198275 CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: EUROPEAN UNION OFFICIALS HAVE WARNED THAT UP TO HALF A MILLION WOMEN HAVE BEEN LURED TO EUROPE, OFTEN ON PROMISE OF EMPLOYMENT, AND ENDED UP AS SEX SLAVES. THE WARNING WAS ISSUED BY E-U COMMISSIONER ANITA GRADIN, WHO WAS UNVEILING PLANS FOR A CONFERENCE NEXT MONDAY IN VIENNA ON TRAFFICKING IN WOMEN. JOHN FRASER REPORTS FOR VOA FROM BRUSSELS. TEXT: EUROPEAN COMMISSIONER FOR IMMIGRATION ANITA GRADIN SAYS THE SLAVE TRADE IN WOMEN FOR SEXUAL PURPOSES IS GROWING, AND ORGANIZED CRIME IS INCREASINGLY BEHIND THIS TRADE. THE SMUGGLING OF HUMAN BEINGS IS MUCH LESS RISKY THAN SMUGGLING DRUGS, AND IT IS HIGHLY PROFITABLE. MS. GRADIN EXPLAINS THAT WHILE DRUG SMUGGLERS CAN GET JAIL SENTENCES OF UP TO 18 YEARS IN MANY E-U STATES, THE SENTENCES FOR TRAFFICKING IN WOMEN RUN FROM ONE TO TWO YEARS. AND SHE ADDS THAT THERE ARE FEW SUCCESSFUL PROSECUTIONS BECAUSE OF THE DIFFICULTIES OF GETTING WITNESSES TO TESTIFY. MS. GRADIN SAYS THAT WOMEN ARE LURED TO EUROPEAN COUNTRIES BY FALSE PROMISES -- AND THEN BECOME TRAPPED IN A LIFE OF VICE AND DESPAIR. THE VICTIMS ARE OFTEN TOLD THE SMUGGLERS WILL HELP THEM TO GET PROPER JOBS IN WESTERN EUROPE. THE WOMEN ARE SMUGGLED OVER THE BORDERS, THEIR TRAVEL DOCUMENTS TAKEN FROM THEM AND THEN THEY ARE FORCED INTO PROSTITUTION. THEY ARE OFTEN EXPOSED TO BRUTAL TREATMENT AND TO SERIOUS DISEASES LIKE AIDS. THEY HAVE VIRTUALLY NO RIGHTS. WHEN DISCOVERED, THEY ARE SENT BACK TO THEIR HOME COUNTRIES, FAR TOO SCARED TO DARE TO TESTIFY AGAINST THEIR PIMPS OR SMUGGLERS. THE WOMEN WERE, UNTIL RECENTLY, MAINLY RECRUITED IN ASIA, AFRICA OR LATIN AMERICA. NOW AN INCREASING NUMBER COME FROM CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE. THE COMMISSIONER'S MESSAGE IS SIMPLE -- THIS TRADE HAS TO BE STOPPED. AND SHE SAYS SHE HOPES THE VIENNA CONFERENCE WILL PINPOINT WAYS IN WHICH THE EUROPEAN UNION CAN HELP, SO THE ISSUE IS PLACED FIRMLY ON THE E-U'S AGENDA. ALREADY MS. GRADIN CLAIMS THERE ARE AREAS FOR ACTION -- INCLUDING IMPROVING BORDER CONTROLS, SOCIAL POLICIES, DEVELOPMENT AID AND BY PUTTING PRESSURE ON EASTERN EUROPEAN GOVERNMENTS. /// ACT GRADIN ///THERE ARE A WHOLE BATTERY OF AREAS FROM WHICH YOU CAN TACKLE THIS SITUATION, AND THEN I HOPE I WILL GET A LOT OF CONCRETE PROPOSALS DURING THE CONFERENCE, AND FROM EXPERIENCE ALSO. AND I WOULD LIKE TO HAVE INVOLVEMENT, AS I SAID BEFORE, WITH NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS -- BECAUSE THEY, I AM SURE, CAN PLAY QUITE A ROLE. /// END ACT ///A LEADING CAMPAIGNER FOR WOMANS' RIGHTS, FORMER EUROPEAN
PARLIAMENTARIAN MARIJKE VAN HEMELDONCK, ADDED THAT SHE ESTIMATES
THERE ARE BETWEEN 200-THOUSAND AND 500-THOUSAND OF THESE SEX
SLAVES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION. THEY ARE MAINLY CONCENTRATED IN
CONTINENTAL EUROPE, WITH FEWER ENDING UP IN BRITAIN, IRELAND OR
SWEDEN. (SIGNED)
[02] SLOVAKIA E-U (L) BY BARRY WOOD (BRATISLAVA)DATE=6/6/96TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-198286 CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: A SLOVAK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION THIS WEEK RETURNED FROM BRUSSELS WHERE THE SLOVAK GOVERNMENT WAS REPRIMANDED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION'S TOP OFFICIAL RESPONSIBLE FOR PLANNED EASTWARD EXPANSION. V-O-A'S BARRY WOOD REPORTS FROM BRATISLAVA. TEXT: THE E-U COMMISSIONER FOR EXTERNAL RELATIONS, HANS VAN DEN BROEK, TOLD THE E-U SLOVAKIA JOINT PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEE NO E-U CANDIDATE SHOULD TAKE EVENTUAL MEMBERSHIP FOR GRANTED. THE E-U OFFICIAL SAID SLOVAKIA HAS FALLEN BEHIND ITS SCHEDULE FOR JOINING. MR. VAN DEN BROEK CHASTISED SLOVAKIA FOR NOT MOVING FAST ENOUGH ON ECONOMIC REFORM AND FAILING TO PROTECT ETHNIC MINORITIES. HE SAID SLOVAKIA MUST SPEED UP REFORM IF IT WISHES TO TAKE ITS PLACE AS A FULL MEMBER OF THE EUROPEAN UNION. SLOVAKIA IS ONE OF NINE FORMER EAST BLOC COUNTRIES THAT HAVE SIGNED ASSOCIATION AGREEMENTS WITH THE E-U AS A FIRST STEP TOWARD MEMBERSHIP. SLOVENIA WILL SOON BECOME THE 10TH COUNTRY TO HAVE AN ASSOCIATION AGREEMENT. MR. VAN DEN BROEK'S HARSH WORDS FAILED TO ELICIT A RESPONSE FROM SLOVAK PRIME MINISTER VLADIMIR MECIAR, WITH WHOM THE E-U HAS A LESS THAN CORDIAL RELATIONSHIP. THREE TIMES IN THE PAST YEAR THE E-U HAS CALLED ATTENTION TO SHORTCOMINGS IN SLOVAK POLICY, PARTICULARLY CONCERNING PRESS FREEDOM, DEMOCRACY, HUMAN RIGHTS AND RELATIONS WITH THE HUNGARIAN MINORITY. MR. VAN DEN BROEK SAID SLOVAK OFFICIALS FREQUENTLY ASK FOR UNDERSTANDING FROM THE E-U BECAUSE IT IS A YOUNG DEMOCRACY. THE DUTCH E-U OFFICIAL SAID THAT EXCUSE CANNOT HOLD UP BECAUSE THERE ARE MANY OTHER NEW DEMOCRACIES. HE CALLED ON SLOVAKIA TO RESIST LEGISLATION THAT WOULD RESTRICT DISSENT. SLOVAKIA'S IMAGE OF AUTHORITARIAN RULE HAS HELD BACK SOME PLANNED
FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN THE COUNTRY. DESPITE THAT, ECONOMIC
PERFORMANCE IN SLOVAKIA IS IMPRESSIVE WITH THE ECONOMY GROWING
AND INFLATION THE LOWEST IN POST-COMMUNIST CENTRAL EUROPE. THERE
IS CONSIDERABLE NEW CONSTRUCTION IN BRATISLAVA AND THE CITY
CENTER IS VIBRANT AND FILLED WITH SHOPPERS FROM NEARBY AUSTRIA.
(SIGNED)
[03] THE NEW NATO BY ANDREW N. GUTHRIE (WASHINGTON)DATE=06/06/96TYPE=U-S OPINION ROUNDUP NUMBER=6-09615 TELEPHONE=619-3335 EDITOR=PHIL HAYNES CONTENT= INTRO: NATO MINISTERS ARE MEETING IN BERLIN THIS WEEK TO CHART THE COURSE OF THE EUROPEAN DEFENSE ALLIANCE INTO THE 21ST CENTURY. IT IS A MOMENTOUS TASK, AS THEY CONSIDER, AMONG OTHER THINGS, HOW TO INCORPORATE THE FORMER COMMUNIST EASTERN EUROPEAN NATIONS THAT WANT TO JOIN, WITHOUT ALIENATING THE RUSSIANS. THERE ARE MANY OTHER DIFFICULT QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER, AND U-S EDITORIAL WRITERS HAVE BEEN WATCHING THE SESSION WITH A GOOD DEAL OF INTEREST. TO GET THEIR VIEWS ON WHAT HAS TRANSPIRED SO FAR, WE CALL ON ___________________FOR TODAY'S U-S OPINION ROUNDUP ON "THE NEW NATO." TEXT: NATO WAS FOUNDED BY THE UNITED STATES, BRITAIN, FRANCE AND CANADA, AS WELL AS THE BEN-NE-LUX NATIONS AFTER WORLD WAR TWO TO FACE THE THREAT OF AN ATTACK BY THE SOVIET RED ARMY, BOLSTERED BY THE MILITARY OF THE EASTERN EUROPEAN COMMUNIST BLOC NATIONS. NOW THAT THE SOVIET UNION HAS DISAPPEARED, AND COMMUNIST BLOC HAS CEASED TO EXIST IN MOST EASTERN EUROPEAN NATIONS, THOUGH VESTIGES STILL REMAIN, NATO MUST CHART A NEW COURSE. HOW, FOR EXAMPLE, CAN IT DEAL MORE EFFECTIVELY WITH LIMITED INTERNAL WARS LIKE THE HORRIFYING, FOUR-YEAR CONFLICT IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. AND WHAT ABOUT FUTURE RELATIONS WITH THE UNITED NATIONS. NATO DREW A GOOD DEAL OF CRITICISM FOR ITS PERFORMANCE IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, WHICH AT TIMES, SEEMED VERY ENCUMBERED BY POLITICAL RATHER THAN MILITARY CONCERNS. U-S PAPERS ARE EXAMINING THE BERLIN CONFERENCE FOR CLUES AS TO WHAT KIND OF NEW ATLANTIC ALLIANCE MAY EMERGE. WE BEGIN OUR SAMPLING IN TEXAS, WHERE THE DALLAS MORNING NEWS TALKS ABOUT A "NEW NATO." VOICE: "NEARLY SIX YEARS AFTER THE END OF THE COLD WAR, THE LEADERS OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION HAVE COME UP WITH A SENSIBLE PLAN TO 'REINVENT' THE MILITARY ALLIANCE. AT LEAST FOR THE ORIGINAL 16 MEMBERS ... NATO FOREIGN MINISTERS APPROVED A PLAN [THAT] ... ALLOWS FOR THE CREATION OF ALL-EUROPEAN MILITARY TASK FORCES TO CONDUCT PEACKEEPING OPERATIONS AND TO RESPOND TO AREA HOT SPOTS LIKE BOSNIA. TWO OR MORE COUNTRIES WILL BE ABLE TO MOBILIZE A FORCE. THEY WILL HAVE THE USE OF NATO MILITARY ASSETS, SUCH AS AIR TRANSPORT AND SATELLITE INTELLIGENCE... WITH THIS PLAN, THE ALLIANCE HAS MADE ITS BEST STEP YET TOWARD BECOMING RELEVANT IN A NEW STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENT. " TEXT: FOR A VIEW FROM FLORIDA, WE LOOK TO THE ORLANDO SENTINEL, WHICH SAYS: VOICE: "PEOPLE WHO VIEW NATO AS AN ANACHRONISM ARE THINKING TOO NARROWLY. NATO IS NEEDED TO HELP ENSURE SECURITY AND STABILITY IN THE FACE OF ONGOING CHALLENGES TO THE TRANS-ATLANTIC REGION. DISBANDING IT AND BRINGING ALL AMERICAN TROOPS HOME WOULD LEAVE A VOID. WHAT'S IMPORTANT IS TO REFINE NATO'S MISSION SO THAT IT IS MORE RELEVANT TO TODAY'S WORLD. IT MAKES SENSE, AS AN EXAMPLE, FOR EUROPEANS TO TAKE ON GREATER RESPONSIBILITIES. [OPT] SMALL FORCES CONSISTING OF EUROPEANS TO DEAL WITH TROUBLE SPOTS IN THAT REGION WILL BE APPROPRIATE BECAUSE IT IS THEIR BACK YEAR. THAT CHANGE WAS APPROVED MONDAY. ANOTHER POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT IS A PLAN FOR NATO ... RESTRUCTURING ITS OPERATION AND BECOMING MORE EFFICIENT." [END OPT] TEXT: IN CALIFORNIA, THE LOS ANGELES TIMES SEES A "BIGGER EUROPEAN ROLE AND ONGOING U-S DOMINANCE" FOR THE DEFENSE ALLIANCE. VOICE: "... NATO REMAINS AN ORGANIZATION IN THE PROCESS OF REDEFINING ITSELF AND AN ALLIANCE THAT VIRTUALLY ALL OF THE FORMER WARSAW PACT STATES OF EASTERN EUROPE ARE CLAMORING TO JOIN... THE RESHAPED NATO WILL BE ABLE TO OPERATE OUTSIDE ... ITS TRADITIONAL SECURITY AREA, AS INDEED IT IS NOW DOING WITH ITS PEACEKEEPING ACTIVITIES IN BOSNIA... U -S INVOLVEMENT IN NATO ... REMAINS ESSENTIAL TO ITS EFFECTIVENESS AND IN FACT ITS SURVIVAL AS ANYTHING BUT A COLD WAR RELIC. HOWEVER LARGER THE NEW EUROPEAN ROLE MAY BE, IT'S A GIVEN THAT NO MAJOR OPERATION WILL BE POSSIBLE WITHOUT AMERICAN APPROVAL OR PARTICIPATION, NOT LEAST BECAUSE IT'S THE UNITED STATES THAT OWNS MOST OF THE TRANSPORT, SATELLITE INTELLIGENCE AND COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT ... NATO NEEDS." TEXT: IN THE MIDDLE WEST, THE ST. LOUIS POST-DISPATCH SAYS DESPITE A RECENT CHANGE IN RUSSIA'S ATTITUDE, APPARENTLY WITHDRAWING OBJECTIONS TOWARD AN EXPANDED NATO, THE ALLIES HAVE EVERY REASON TO MOVE SLOWLY AND CAUTIOUSLY TOWARD EXPANSION. VOICE: "... IF NATO IS TO TRANSFORM ITSELF INTO THE BASIC GUARANTOR OF EUROPEAN SECURITY, IT MUST EVENTUALLY INCLUDE EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES AND, YES, EVEN RUSSIA ITSELF. A NATO THAT IS PERCEIVED AS AN ALL-EUROPEAN ALLIANCE AGAINST RUSSIA COULD IN FACT PROVOKE THE VERY INSTABILITY AND HOSTILITY IT IS MEANT TO PREVENT. A RUSSIA THAT PERCEIVES ITSELF ENCIRCLED AND BELEAGUERED WOULD BE MORE DANGEROUS THAN ONE THAT IS JUST ANOTHER MEMBER OF THE EUROPEAN HOUSE." TEXT: LASTLY, THE NEW YORK TIMES HAILS THE REEMERGENCE OF FRANCE AS A POTENTIAL FULL MILITARY, AS WELL AS POLITICAL PARTNER IN THE ALLIANCE, CREDITING THE CLINTON WHITE HOUSE WITH CHANGING THE CLIMATE TO MAKE THAT POSSIBLE. VOICE: "HISTORICALLY, WASHINGTON WANTED AMERICAN TROOPS DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN ANY NATO OPERATION TO CEMENT ATLANTIC UNITY. IT FEARED THAT IF SOME MILITARY ACTIVITIES WERE LEFT SOLELY TO THE EUROPEANS, MOSCOW AND ITS WARSAW PACT ALLIES WOULD TRY TO DRIVE A WEDGE BETWEEN EUROPE AND THE UNITED STATES. THIS REJECTION OF INDEPENDENT EUROPEAN DECISION-MAKING LED [GENERAL] DE GAULLE IN 1966 TO WITHDRAW FRENCH FORCES FROM THE NATO MILITARY COMMAND. EVER SINCE, FRENCH GOVERNMENTS HAVE CAMPAIGNED FOR A SEPARATE, PURELY EUROPEAN MILITARY FORCE... BY EASING AMERICAN OPPOSITION TO EUROPEAN MILITARY ACTION WITHIN NATO, THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION HAS MADE IT POLITICALLY POSSIBLE FOR MR. CHIRAC TO BRING FRANCE BACK INTO THE ALLIANCE'S MILITARY STRUCTURE... THE NEW ACCORD PRESERVES WASHINGTON'S INSISTENCE ON UNANIMOUS DECISION-MAKING AND AMERICAN COMMAND... IN ADDITION, IT PROMISES TO BRING FRENCH MILITARY FORCES BACK INTO NATO." TEXT: THAT CONCLUDES THIS BRIEF SAMPLING OF U-S EDITORIAL
OPINION ON THE CHANGES UNDERWAY IN NATO.
[04] TURKEY/POLITICS (L ONLY) BY AMBERIN ZAMAN (ANKARA)DATE=6/6/96TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-198269 CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: TURKEY WAS PLUNGED INTO A FRESH POLITICAL CRISIS THURSDAY FOLLOWING THE RESIGNATION OF THE TURKISH PRIME MINISTER MESUT YILMAZ. AMBERIN ZAMAN REPORTS FROM ANKARA ON THE CONTINUING POLITICAL TURMOIL IN THE COUNTRY. TEXT: THE RESIGNATION BRINGS TO AN END THE SHAKY 13 WEEK OLD COALITION BETWEEN MR. YILMAZ'S CENTER RIGHT MOTHERLAND PARTY AND THE FORMER PRIME MINISTER, TANSU CILLER, AND HER CONSERVATIVE TRUE PATH PARTY. MR. YILMAZ CITED A CONSTITUTIONAL COURT RULING WHICH SAID A VOTE OF CONFIDENCE IN HIS GOVERNMENT WAS INVALID. BUT HE WAS FACING A NO-CONFIDENCE VOTE SATURDAY, WHICH ANALYSTS SAY HE WAS ALMOST CERTAIN TO LOSE. THE RIGHT WING ALLIANCE WAS FORMED UNDER PRESSURE FROM THE TURKISH MILITARY AND BUSINESS CIRCLES IN ORDER TO KEEP THE PRO-ISLAMIC WELFARE PARTY, REFAH, OUT OF POWER. THE ISLAMISTS WON PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS FOR THE FIRST TIME IN TURKEY'S MODERN HISTORY LAST DECEMBER BUT DID NOT SECURE ENOUGH SEATS TO FORM A GOVERNMENT ON THEIR OWN. HOPES THAT THE ALLIANCE BETWEEN MR. YILMAZ AND MRS. CILLER WOULD HELP SOLVE TURKEY'S CHRONIC PROBLEMS, INCLUDING THREE DIGIT INFLATION AND THE KURDISH REBELLION IN THE SOUTHEAST, SOON DISSOLVED AS THE TWO LEADERS PROVED UNABLE TO SHELVE THEIR BITTER PERSONAL DIFFERENCES. MRS. CILLER ANNOUNCED SHE WOULD WITHDRAW FROM THE GOVERNMENT AFTER MR. YILMAZ BACKED CORRUPTION ALLEGATIONS AGAINST HER THAT WERE BROUGHT BEFORE THE PARLIAMENT BY THE ISLAMISTS. ATTENTION IS NOW TURNED TOWARD TURKISH PRESIDENT SULEYMAN DEMIREL, WHO WILL DESIGNATE A PARTY LEADER TO FORM A NEW GOVERNMENT. UNDER THE CONSTITUTION, THE PRESIDENT IS REQUIRED TO ASK THE
LEADER OF THE LARGEST PARTY IN THE PARLIAMENT TO DO SO. MR
DEMIREL HAS ALREADY ANNOUNCED THAT HE WILL BE MEETING WITH THE
REFAH LEADER, NECMETTIN ERBAKAN, FRIDAY MORNING. (SIGNED)
[05] TURKEY/POLITICS BY LAURIE KASSMAN (ISTANBUL)DATE=6/6/96TYPE=BACKGROUND REPORT NUMBER=5-33491 CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: THE RESIGNATION OF TURKEY'S PRIME MINISTER MESUT YILMAZ HAS THROWN THE GOVERNMENT INTO ANOTHER PERIOD OF UNCERTAINTY AND INSTABILITY JUST WHEN TURKEY WAS TRYING TO ENHANCE ITS INTERNATIONAL IMAGE AS HOST OF THE U-N CITY CONFERENCE--HABITAT TWO. THE RESIGNATION OF MR YILMAZ CAME TWO DAYS BEFORE HE WAS TO FACE, AND PROBABLY LOSE, A VOTE OF CONFIDENCE. V-O-A'S CORRESPONDENT LAURIE KASSMAN REVIEWS THE OPTIONS NOW. TEXT: THE QUESTION NOW IS WHO WILL GOVERN TURKEY, ANOTHER RIGHT-WING COALITION OR A MIX OF CENTRIST AND ISLAMIST PARTIES ? THE ISLAMIST REFAH PARTY -- THE WELFARE PARTY IN ENGLISH -- WON THE MOST SEATS IN PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS LAST DECEMBER BUT NOT ENOUGH TO RULE ALONE. SECULAR PARTIES WERE DETERMINED TO UPHOLD TURKEY'S CONSTITUTIONAL TRADITION OF A SECULAR GOVERNMENT AND KEEP THE ISLAMISTS OUT OF POWER. SO NO PARTY WOULD JOIN A COALITION WITH THE ISLAMISTS. THE RIVAL MOTHERLAND AND TRUE PATH PARTIES JOINED FORCES. BUT IT WAS DOOMED TO FAILURE. THE PARTY LEADERS-- FORMER PRIME MINSITER TANSU CILLER AND MESUT YILMAZ-- COULD NEVER OVERCOME THEIR BITTER PERSONAL RIVALRIES. MRS CILLER PULLED OUT OF THE COALITION AFTER PRIME MINISTER YILMAZ BACKED THE PARLIAMENT'S CHARGES OF CORRUPTION AGAINST HER. THAT SETBACK CAME AFTER THE CONSTITIONAL COURT RULED THAT THE VOTE OF CONFIDENCE IN PRIME MINISTER YILMAS 13 WEEKS AGO WAS INVALID. ANALYSTS AND BUSINESSMEN NOW TALK OF A VACUUM OF AUTHORITY. POLITICAL SCIENTIST NILUFAR NARLI SUGGESTS THE ISLAMISTS HAVE GAINED A LOT FROM THE DIVISIONS ON THE RIGHT AND WOULD GAIN EVEN MORE VOTES IN A NEW ELECTION. VOTERS, SHE SAYS, ARE FED UP WITH THE POLITICAL UNCERTAINTIES AND THE GOVERNMENT'S FAILURE TO TACKLE ECONOMIC PROBLEMS AND THE KURDISH REVOLT IN THE SOUTHEAST. REFAH IS WELL-ORGANIZED ON THE GRASS ROOTS LEVEL AND OFFERS BASIC HEALTH AND WELFARE SERVICES THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DOES NOT PROVIDE. REFAH APPEALS MOST TO THE DISENCHANTED AND DISADVANTAGED -- THE EXPLODING LOWER MIDDLE CLASS AND UNEMPLOYED WHO ARE CROWDED INTO SHANTYTOWNS ON THE EDGE OF LARGE CITIES. REFAH, FOR EXAMPLE, NOW CONTROLS MORE THAN HALF OF ISTANBUL'S DISTRICT COUNCILS. GIVEN ITS GROWING PRESTIGE, MS NARLI SAYS A COALITION WITH THE ISLAMISTS NOW PROBABLY WOULD NO LONGER BE CONSIDERED POLITICAL SUICIDE. // NARLI ACT //PUBLIC OPINION CHANGED. IN 1995 DECEMBER SOON AFTER THE ELECTIONS,MANY PEOPLE AND ALSO LEADING INDUSTRIALISTS WERE AGAINST THE WELFARE PARTY AS A COALITION PARTNER. BUT NOW THEY SAY THAT YES IT IS POSSIBLE, WHY NOT. // END ACT //ANALYSTS SAY THE CENTER-RIGHT PARTIES NEED TO CHANGE THEIR LEADERS TO RESTORE CREDIBILITY. MS NARLI, WHO TEACHES POLITICAL SCIENCE AT MARMARA UNIVERSITY, SAYSTHE ISLAMISTS CONTINUE TO GAIN POPULARITY AS THE ECONOMY WORSENS ANDTHE GAP BETWEEN RICH AND POOR WIDENS. // NARLI ACT //IN TURKEY, THE GAP BETWEEN RICH AND POOR, THE UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH, SOCIAL INJUSTICE, SO THE WELFARE PARTY MAKES USE OF ALL THESE ECONOMIC PROBLEMS AND CONTRADICTIONS. // END ACT //PRESIDENT SULEYMAN DEMIREL IS CONSULTING WITH PARTY LEADERS ONCE
AGAIN FOR ANOTHER TRY AT A RULING COALITION. POLITICAL ANALYST
NARLI SAYS NOBODY WANTS ANOTHER EXPENSIVE ROUND OF ELECTIONS.
(SIGNED)
[06] U-S/ BOSNIA (S ONLY) BY RON PEMSTEIN (STATE)DATE=6/6/96TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-198299 CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: THE UNITED STATES SAYS IT IS NOT READY TO RE-IMPOSE ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AGAINST SERBIA FOR FAILING TO COOPERATE WITH THE WAR CRIMES TRIBUNAL IN THE HAGUE. RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS FROM THE STATE DEPARTMENT, IT'S A MATTER OF TIMING. TEXT: THE HEAD OF WAR CRIMES TRIBUNAL, ITALIAN JUDGE ANTONIO CASSESSE, SAYS HE WILL ASK FOR SANCTIONS TO BE RE-IMPOSED AGAINST THE BOSNIAN SERBS AND SERB-LED YUGOSLAVIA WHEN THE SIX-MONTH REVIEW CONFERENCE OF THE BOSNIA PEACE AGREEMENT IS HELD NEXT WEEK. THE JUDGE SAYS THE SERBS ARE VIOLATING THE AGREEMENT BY REFUSING TO HAND OVER BOSNIAN SERB LEADERS FOR TRIAL. THE UNITED STATES HAS THREATENED SERBIA WITH RENEWED ECONOMIC SANCTIONS IF THERE IS NO COOPERATION WITH THE WAR CRIMES TRIBUNAL. HOWEVER, STATE DEPARTMENT SPOKESMAN NICHOLAS BURNS SAYS IT IS TOO SOON TO EXPECT ACTION BY SERBIAN PRESIDENT SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC DESPITE AMERICAN SUPPORT FOR JUDGE CASSESE. /// BURNS ACT ///I DON'T WANT TO BE CRITICAL OF HIM BUT IT'S OUR FIRM VIEW THAT NOW THAT WE'VE LAUNCHED THIS CHALLENGE, WE OUGHT TO GIVE THE PERSON, WHO HAS THE CAPABILITY WE THINK TO EXERT POLITICAL PRESSURE ON THE INDICTED WAR CRIMINALS, TO EXERCISE THAT INFLUENCE. /// END ACT ///THE SPOKESMAN SUGGESTS NO TIME LIMIT FOR SERBIA TO COMPLY WITH
THE WAR CRIMES TRIBUNAL BUT HE SAYS THE REVIEW CONFERENCE ON JUNE
14TH IS TOO EARLY. (SIGNED)
[07] YUGO ARMS TALKS (S ONLY) UPDATE BY WAYNE COREY (VIENNA)DATE=6/6/96TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-198317 CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: THE FORMER WARRING FORCES IN WHAT USED TO BE YUGOSLAVIA HAVE MISSED A THURSDAY DEADLINE TO CONCLUDE AN ARMS CONTROL AGREEMENT FOR THE REGION. BUT, THERE IS OPTIMISM THAT THE AGREEMENT CAN BE COMPLETED ON FRIDAY. V-O-A'S WAYNE COREY REPORTS FROM VIENNA. TEXT: THE NEGOTIATIONS, INVOLVING YUGOSLAVIA, BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA AND CROATIA, WERE SUSPENDED HERE THURSDAY NIGHT WITH TWO ISSUES STILL UNRESOLVED. ONE IS A DISPUTE OVER HOW THE PROPOSED AGREEMENT TO ACHIEVE A BALANCE OF POWER IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA WILL REFER TO THE BOSNIAN SERBS. THE SERBS WANT TO BE IDENTIFIED IN A WAY THAT IMPLIES THEY HAVE A SEPARATE STATUS. THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT WANTS THE SERBS TO BE IDENTIFIED IN A WAY THAT MAKES IT CLEAR THEIR REPUBLIC IS PART OF BOSNIA. THE OTHER UNRESOLVED ISSUE IS THE TIMEFRAME FOR THE REDUCTIONS OF MILITARY AIRCRAFT AND HEAVY WEAPONS THAT THE AGREEMENT WOULD REQUIRE. OFFICIALS OF THE ORGANIZATION FOR SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE SAY THEY BELIEVE THE AGREEMENT CAN BE WRAPPED UP WHEN THE NEGOTIATORS IN THE O-S-C-E/SPONSORED ARMS TALKS MEET AGAIN HERE FRIDAY MORNING. THE CHAIRMAN OF THE TALKS HAS TOLD THE NEGOTIATORS THE DEAL MUST
BE REACHED THEN BECAUSE HE PLANS TO LEAVE VIENNA AND THAT THE
TALKS COULD NOT RESUME AT A FUTURE DATE. (SIGNED)
[08] YUGO WAR CRIMES (L ONLY-RERUN) BY GILLIAN SHARPE (THE HAGUE)DATE=6/6/96TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-198298 CONTENT= VOICED AT: // RERUNNING WITH CORRECT NUMBER //INTRO: A BRITISH JOURNALIST HAS GIVEN AN EYEWITNESS ACCOUNT OF WHAT IT MEANT TO BE ETHNICALLY CLEANSED BY BOSNIAN SERB FORCES IN 1992. ED VULLIAMY, A REPORTER FOR THE LONDON-BASED GUARDIAN NEWSPAPER, TESTIFIED DURING THE INTERNATIONAL WAR CRIMES TRIBUNAL TRIAL OF BOSNIAN SERB DUSAN TADIC WHO IS ACCUSED OF CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY -- A CHARGE HE DENIES. FROM THE HAGUE, GILLIAN SHARPE REPORTS. TEXT: ED VULLIAMY TOLD THE INTERNATIONAL WAR CRIMES COURT THAT HE AND A COLLEAGUE HAD SECRETLY JOINED A CONVOY OF 18-HUNDRED MULSIM REFUGEES WHO HAD BEEN FORCED OUT OF THEIR HOMES AND WERE, AS HE PUT IT, BEING HERDED BY SOLDIERS TO AN UNKNOWN DESTINATION. AT ONE POINT, HE WALKED ACROSS AN AREA WHICH, HE SAID, WAS STICKY WITH BLOOD. WOMEN WERE TAKEN FROM THE CONVOY AT NIGHT AND NEVER SEEN AGAIN. THE TERRIFIED PEOPLE, HE SAID, WERE FINALLY FORCED ACROSS THE FRONT LINE INTO A NO-MAN'S LAND. // ACT VULLIAMY ///THERE WERE A COUPLE OF PEOPLE IN WHEELCHAIRS THAT HAD TO BE HOISTED OVER, AND MY RECOLLECTION IS A VIVID ONE OF CHILDREN BEING HANDED DOWN TO PARENTS, AND TEDDY BEARS AND SHOES AND SOME STUFF BEING LEFT. // END ACT ///NONE OF THIS EVIDENCE RELATES DIRECTLY TO DUSAN TADIC, WHO IS ACCUSED OF MURDERING AND TORTURING AT THREE PRISON CAMPS IN THE PRIJEDOR REGION OF NORTHWEST BOSNIA. MR. VULLIAMY IS THE LAST OF THE PROSECUTION'S SO-CALLED POLICY WITNESSES. HIS PURPOSE IS TO FURTHER THE PROSECUTION'S ARGUMENT THAT MR. TADIC'S ALLEGED CRIMES WERE WIDESPREAD. UNLESS THEY WERE, HE CANNOT BE CHARGED WITH CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY. MR. VULLIAMY CONTINUES HIS TESTIMONY ON FRIDAY. HE IS EXPECTED
TO FOCUS THEN ON EVENTS IN THE PRIJEDOR AREA. HE WAS ONE OF THE
FIRST WESTERN JOURNALISTS TO VISIT CAMPS THERE, WHERE MR. TADIC
IS SAID TO HAVE BEEN A FREQUENT VISITOR. (SIGNED)
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