Voice of America, 21 November 1995

From: yanni@ix.netcom.com (Ioannis Bousnakis)

Voice of America Directory

CONTENTS

[01] TUESDAY'S EDITORIALS BY ANDREW N. GUTHRIE (WASHINGTON)

INTRO: TWO STORIES, ONE DOMESTIC AND THE OTHER INTERNATIONAL SHARE THE SPOTLIGHT IN MANY U-S EDITORIAL COLUMNS THIS TUESDAY. WITH U.S. GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES BACK ON THE JOB, MANY PAPERS ARE LOOKING BACK TO LAST WEEK'S PARTIAL SHUTDOWN OF THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT, AND AHEAD TO ANOTHER POSSIBLE STOPPAGE IN MID DECEMBER. OVERSEAS, THE ELECTION DEFEAT OF POLISH SOLIDARITY HERO LECH WALESA IS A MAJOR TOPICS. OTHER SUBJECTS INCLUDE A GLIMMER OF HOPE IN ALGERIA; NEW TROUBLE IN HAITI; AND OBJECTIONABLE TALK IN THE HALLS OF CONGRESS. NOW, ________________ HAS A CLOSER LOOK IN TODAY'S EDITORIAL DIGEST.

TEXT: PAPER AFTER PAPER IS HEAPING SCORN ON ALL THE NATION'S POLITICAL LEADERS FOR LAST WEEK'S PARTIAL SHUTDOWN OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, SUGGESTING THAT MORE STATESMANSHIP AND LESS BICKERING IS IN ORDER. FOR EXAMPLE, TODAY'S "BOSTON GLOBE" CALLS IT A "SHAMEFUL SHUTDOWN," AND GOES ON FROM THERE:

VOICE: "THE PARTIAL SHUTDOWN OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT WAS HARDLY A MAJOR CRISIS, BUT IT WAS INCONVENIENT, UNNECESSARY AND LIKELY TO FEED PUBLIC CYNICISM ABOUT THE MOTIVES AND PERFORMANCE OF THE NATION'S POLITICAL LEADERS. ..... IN APPORTIONING RESPONSIBILITY FOR THIS FIASCO, ONE MUST FIRST LOOK TO THE REPUBLICAN MAJORITY IN THE HOUSE [OF REPRESENTATIVES] AND ITS LEADER, SPEAKER NEWT GINGRICH. [OPT] ...... THE SPEAKER PERHAPS ASSUMED THAT DELAY WOULD GIVE HIM LEVERAGE TO NEGOTIATE A DEAL, BUT ALL IT DID WAS MAKE HIM AN OBJECT OF RIDICULE WHEN HE CONFESSED TO PIQUE OVER A MATTER OF PROTOCOL ON AIR FORCE ONE." [END OPT]

TEXT: ON A SLIGHTLY MORE ACCEPTING NOTE, "THE MIAMI HERALD" ASKS:

VOICE: "SO WHO WON? MAYBE EVERYONE, IF PRESIDENT CLINTON AND THE REPUBLICAN CONGRESSIONAL LEADERSHIP VENTED SUFFICIENTLY DURING THE SIX-DAY GOVERNMENT SHUTDOWN TO BE READY NOW FOR SERIOUS BUDGET NEGOTIATIONS. IF NOT, THE 'COMPROMISE' HAS DONE NOTHING BUT EXTEND THE CONFLICT TO DECEMBER 15TH."

TEXT: "THE NEW YORK POST" HAS THE ANSWER TO THAT "MIAMI HERALD" QUESTION. IT CALLS THE INCIDENT "A GOP ROMP" [DECISIVE VICTORY.]

VOICE: "HOUSE AND SENATE REPUBLICANS CAN TAKE HOME FOR THE THANKSGIVING RECESS SOME VALUABLE LESSONS FROM THEIR VICTORY IN THIS ROUND OF THE BUDGET WAR.... SUNDAY'S INTERIM AGREEMENT BETWEEN PRESIDENT CLINTON AND CAPITOL HILL SHOULD PROMPT GOP LEADERS TO CONCLUDE THAT IF THEY HOLD TOGETHER AND STAND FIRM ... THEY CAN WIN THE DAY. FUNDAMENTALLY AMERICA IS WITH THEM."

TEXT: [OPT] WHILE IN PENNSYLVANIA, "THE PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER" SAYS NOW COMES "THE HARD PART" ADDING, "THE GOVERNMENT THAT COULDN'T THINK STRAIGHT IS BACK IN BUSINESS, BUT THE STICKY [DIFFICULT] ISSUES REMAIN. TURNING TO THE NATION'S CAPITOL, "THE WASHINGTON TIMES" SUGGESTS:

VOICE: "NOW THAT PRESIDENT CLINTON HAS AGREED TO WORK TOWARD ACHIEVING A BALANCED BUDGET WITHIN SEVEN YEARS THAT MEETS THE STANDARDS OF THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE, VOTERS WILL SOON LEARN WHO SERIOUSLY WANTS TO BRING SOME SANITY TO THE NATION'S FISCAL ACCOUNTS. THEY WILL SOON FIND OUT WHICH BUDGET ANTAGONISTS SINCERELY WANT TO BALANCE THE BUDGET AND WHICH ONES MERELY WANT TO SCORE POLITICAL POINTS [ADVANTAGE] BY SAYING SO." [END OPT]

TEXT: "THE WASHINGTON POST" MEANWHILE, REMAINS SKEPTICAL OF THE WHOLE INCIDENT AND THE UNDERLYING MOTIVES:

VOICE: "..... THE PRESIDENT AND CONGRESSIONAL REPUBLICANS CLOSED THE GOVERNMENT BECAUSE THEY COULDN'T AGREE ON THE BUDGET. THIS WEEK THEY'VE REOPENED IT, STILL DISAGREEING. THEY SAY ... IT WASN'T A GAME AND THAT THE ARTIFICIAL EMERGENCY HELPED THEM NARROW THEIR DIFFERENCES. WE'LL SEE. OUR ... SENSE IS THAT THEY MAINLY AGREED ON A NEW WAY TO STATE THEIR DISAGREEMENTS AND HAVE PAPERED OVER [THINLY COVERED] MORE DIFFERENCES THAN THEY HAVE RESOLVED."

TEXT: [OPT] FINALLY, ON THIS TOPIC, "THE LOS ANGELES TIMES" SAYS THE SKIRMISH AND SHUTDOWN LAST WEEK WAS "ONE SMALL STEP, NOW THE JOURNEY."

VOICE: "UNFORTUNATELY, THERE WAS LITTLE IN THEIR ... [BUDGET] AGREEMENT THAT ADDRESSED ... HOW AND WHAT TO CUT IN REACHING A BALANCED BUDGET. .......THE REAL TEST WILL BE WHETHER THE CONTINUING [BUDGET] NEGOTIATIONS TAKE THE NATION TO A MEANINGFUL, SUBSTANTIVE DIALOGUE." [END OPT]

TEXT: TURNING OVERSEAS, MOST PAPERS FOCUSED ON THE POLISH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION AND THE DEFEAT OF SOLIDARITY HERO AND FORMER GDANSK SHIPYARD ELECTRICIAN LECH WALESA, WHO BECAME PRESIDENT OF POLAND AFTER THE REJECTION OF COMMUNISM. THE LEAD EDITORIAL IN TODAY'S "NEW YORK TIMES" CALLS HIM "A POLISH PATRIOT."

VOICE: "LIKE WINSTON CHURCHILL, WHO FELL FROM POWER ONLY MONTHS AFTER THE GERMAN SURRENDER IN WORLD WAR TWO, LECH WALESA HAS DISCOVERED THAT HEROIC LEADERSHIP DOES NOT NECESSARILY GUARANTEE PERMANENT POPULARITY. BUT THE DEFEAT OF MR. WALESA IN SUNDAY'S PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION .... SHOULD NOT OBSCURE HIS ACCOMPLISHMENTS OR HIS PLACE IN HISTORY. [OPT] ..... MR. WALESA DELIVERED HIS COUNTRY FROM THE LONG STALINIST NIGHT. HIS STRUGGLE AS LEADER OF THE SOLIDARITY TRADE UNION TO RESTORE DEMOCRACY TO POLAND MADE POSSIBLE ONE OF THE GREAT VICTORIES OF THE COLD WAR." [END OPT]

TEXT: "THE BOSTON GLOBE" CALLS HIM "A WORKING-CLASS HERO" AND ADDS:

VOICE: "[BEGIN OPT] THE RESULT OF THE ELECTION SHOULD INDUCE NEITHER SHOCK NOR ANXIETY. THE 51-POINT-7 PERCENT OF POLES WHO VOTED [MR.] WALESA OUT OF POWER WERE NOT EXPRESSING REGRET FOR THE VANISHING OF THE OLD REGIME. ON THE CONTRARY, [END OPT] THEIR REJECTION OF [MR.] WALESA AS PRESIDENT CAN BE INTERPRETED AS A SERENE ASSERTION OF CONFIDENCE IN THEIR COUNTRY'S DEMOCRATIC FUTURE. ..... VIOLENT REVOLUTIONS DEVOUR THEIR OWN; PEACEFUL REVOLUTIONS LIKE POLAND'S POLITELY SEND THEIR OLD HEROES HOME."

TEXT: WHILE IN WASHINGTON, "THE WASHINGTON POST" NOTES:

VOICE: "HISTORY WILL NOT FORGET LECH WALESA'S HEROICS IN LEADING SOLIDARITY'S CHALLENGE TO COMMUNISM IN POLAND. NO ONE DID MORE TO LIBERATE NOT JUST HIS COUNTRY BUT, AS THE SHOCK WAVES SPREAD, THE WHOLE SOVIET BLOC FROM SOVIET AND COMMUNIST RULE. [REST OPT] IT IS A GRAND IRONY BUT, MORE THAN THAT, A MEASURE OF HIS CONTRIBUTION TO BUILDING A DEMOCRACY THAT POLISH VOTERS HAVE NOW REPLACED HIM AS PRESIDENT WITH A FORMER COMMUNIST, ALEKSANDER KWASNIEWSKI, WHO CHOSE TO STAY IN THE PARTY EVEN AS IT IMPOSED MARTIAL LAW AND CLAPPED MR. WALESA IN JAIL. ....... TO THE MANY POLES BRUISED BY POLAND'S ROUGH TRANSITION FROM COMMUNISM, ..... MR. KWASNIEWSKI .... HELD OUT A PROMISE OF CALM AND ORDER." [END OPT]

TEXT: [BEGIN OPT] IN NORTH AFRICA, "THE LOS ANGELES TIMES" SAYS "ALGERIA SEES A GLINT OF HOPE" FROM LAST WEEK'S "HISTORIC ELECTION."

VOICE: "LAST WEEK, IN THE FIRST CONTESTED PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION IN ALGERIA'S HISTORY, VOTERS TURNED OUT IN LARGE NUMBERS TO ENDORSE LIAMINE ZEROUAL, WHOM THE MILITARY INSTALLED IN THE OFFICE IN 1994. THIS WEEK, THE ..... FUNDAMENTALIST ISLAMIC SALVATION FRONT (F-I-S) ... SAID IT WAS PREPARED TO NEGOTIATE A SETTLEMENT OF THE THREE-YEAR CONFLICT WITH [MR.] ZEROUAL. ..... THE UNITED STATES HAS JOINED WITH FRANCE - - STILL THE MOST INFLUENTIAL FOREIGN POWER IN ALGERIA - - TO URGE NEGOTIATIONS TO END THE CONFLICT AND ESTABLISH THE CONDITIONS FOR PLURALIST GOVERNMENT. WITHOUT SUCH A POLITICAL SHIFT IT'S LIKELY THAT ALGERIA'S TRAGIC AND COSTLY CIVIL WAR WILL RAGE ON." [END OPT]

TEXT: [BEGIN OPT] THOUSANDS OF KILOMETERS AWAY, IN HAITI, THE SITUATION SEEMS SUDDENLY TO HAVE GROWN WORSE, ACCORDING TO "THE WASHINGTON POST." THE DEVELOPMENT CAM AFTER A SPEECH BY PRESIDENT ARISTIDE AT A RELATIVE'S FUNERAL SPARKED SEVERAL DAYS OF STREET RIOTS AND SEVERAL DEATHS.

VOICE: "PRESIDENT JEAN-BERTRAND ARISTIDE ..... USED THE OCCASION TO DENOUNCE THE UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPERS, WHO INCLUDE AMERICAN TROOPS, FOR THEIR FAILURE TO DISARM HIS ENEMIES, AND HE URGED HIS FOLLOWERS TO GO AFTER THE BIG HOUSES WHERE THE RICH PEOPLE LIVE. IT WAS A TERRIBLE DEPARTURE FROM THE MESSAGE OF RECONCILIATION AND RESTRAINT .... MR. ARISTIDE HAD CONSISTENTLY DELIVERED SINCE AMERICAN MILITARY FORCES RETURNED HIM TO HIS COUNTRY JUST OVER A YEAR AGO. THIS LATEST SPEECH POINTS BACK TO THE STYLE OF POLITICS THAT HAS KEPT HAITI IN MISERY." [END OPT]

TEXT: [BEGIN OPT] AND LASTLY, SOME STRONG CRITICISM APPEARING IN TUESDAY'S "ORLANDO SENTINEL," DEPLORING THE DISINTEGRATION OF CIVIL DEBATE.

VOICE: "WHEN DOES POLITICS - - ADMITTEDLY, A HARDBALL [BRUTAL] UNDERTAKING - - LEAVE AN ACCEPTABLE REALM AND ENTER A MORE-DANGEROUS PLACE? ISRAEL PROVIDED A RECENT EXAMPLE. DEBATE BECAME SO SHRILL AND HEATED THAT VIRTUALLY NOTHING WAS DEEMED OFF LIMITS. .... THE UNITED STATES HASN'T REACHED THAT POINT - - YET. IF, HOWEVER, THE LOW-LEVEL PARTISAN POLITICKING AMERICANS HAVE SEEN OF LATE ISN'T CONTROLLED, THE NATION COULD BE IN FOR A PARTICULARLY DISAGREEABLE PERIOD." [END OPT]

TEXT: AND WITH THAT, WE CONCLUDE THIS BRIEF SAMPLING OF THE NATION'S EDITORIAL COLUMNS FOR TUESDAY, THE 21ST DAY OF NOVEMBER.

ANG/GE 21-Nov-95 10:54 AM EST (1554 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America

[02] !!! VOA DAILY BOSNIA REPORT -- NOVEMBER 21, 1995

VOA DAILY BOSNIA REPORT -- 11/21/95 THE FOLLOWING IS A SYNOPSIS OF SIGNIFICANT REPORTING ON BOSNIA BY THE VOICE OF AMERICA THAT HAD BEEN BROADCAST OR FIRMLY SCHEDULED AT THE TIME OF PUBLICATION. THIS SELECTION IS NOT INTENDED TO BE EXHAUSTIVE, AND DOES NOT INCLUDE LATE-BREAKING NEWS OR THE MANY REPORTS IN ALL VOA LANGUAGES THAT ARE BASED ON COMMERCIAL WIRE SERVICES OR OTHER SECONDARY SOURCES. WE REGRET THAT WE CANNOT RESPOND TO REQUESTS FOR TRANSCRIPTS OF SPECIFIC BROADCASTS OR PROGRAM SEGMENTS. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, CONTACT VOA, OFFICE OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS. TELEPHONE: +1-202-619-2538. ELECTRONIC MAIL: LETTERS@VOA.GOV (FOR CORRESPONDENCE FROM OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES); LETTERS-USA@VOA.GOV (FOR CORRESPONDENCE WITHIN THE UNITED STATES).

CLINTON / BOSNIA ACCORD -- PRESIDENT CLINTON HAS ANNOUNCED THAT US LED PEACE TALKS AMONG THE PRESIDENTS OF BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, CROATIA, AND SERBIA HAVE RESULTED IN A PEACE AGREEMENT TO END THE BOSNIAN WAR, THE BLOODIEST EUROPEAN CONFLICT SINCE WORLD WAR II. MR CLINTON SAYS HE WILL NOW ASK CONGRESS TO SUPPORT THE DEPLOYMENT OF AMERICAN TROOPS TO BOSNIA TO TAKE PART IN MONITORING THAT PEACE AGREEMENT. WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENT DEBORAH TATE REPORTS. (11/21)

BOSNIA / PEACE TALKS -- THE PEACE AGREEMENT BEING INITIALED IN DAYTON, OHIO, BY THE PRESIDENTS OF BOSNIA, CROATIA, AND SERBIA WAS NOT ASSURED UNTIL A SHORT TIME AGO. CORRESPONDENT RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS HOW THE BOSNIA PEACE TALKS ESCAPED COLLAPSE. (11/21)

CONGRESS / BOSNIA REACT -- MEMBERS OF THE US CONGRESS HAVE WELCOMED THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF PEACE IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, BUT MANY BELIEVE US SOLDIERS SHOULD NOT BE SENT TO HELP ENFORCE THE ACCORD. CORRESPONDENT DAVID SWAN HAS DETAILS. (11/21)

US / BOSNIA FORCE -- ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE BOSNIAN ACCORD HAS SET IN MOTION INTENSIVE PREPARATIONS FOR THE DEPLOYMENT OF THE NATO-LED PEACE IMPLEMENTATION FORCE. ADVANCE ELEMENTS OF THE SIXTY THOUSAND MEMBER FORCE ARE EXPECTED TO BE ON THE GROUND IN BOSNIA WITHIN A FEW DAYS. CORRESPONDENT DAVID GOLLUST REPORTS. (11/21)

BOSNIA TROOPS / GERMANY -- WHEN THE ORDERS COME THROUGH FOR THE DEPLOYMENT OF NATO FORCES TO KEEP THE PEACE IN BOSNIA, SOME OF THE FIRST TROOPS WILL COME FROM US MILITARY UNITS BASED IN GERMANY. CORRESPONDENT KYLE KING REPORTS. (11/21)

BOSNIA / EURO REACT -- EUROPEAN GOVERNMENTS ARE APPLAUDING THE BOSNIA PEACE AGREEMENT. CORRESPONDENT KYLE KING REPORTS. (11/21)

BOSNIA / SARAJEVO -- THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE BOSNIAN PEACE AGREEMENT WAS WELCOMED BY THE PEOPLE OF SARAJEVO, WHO HAVE ENDURED SEEMINGLY ENDLESS HARDSHIP AND TERROR FOR MORE THAN THREE-AND-A-HALF-YEARS. CORRESPONDENT DAVID FOLEY REPORTS THERE IS STILL A GREAT DEAL OF SKEPTICISM THAT LASTING PEACE HAS FINALLY COME TO BOSNIA. (11/21)

DAYTON / UN -- THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL IS PREPARING TO SUSPEND SANCTIONS ON YUGOSLAVIA AND SLOWLY LIFT AN ARMS EMBARGO ON THE BALKAN REGION, IF THE PEACE TALKS IN DAYTON, OHIO ARE SUCCESSFUL. THE UNITED STATES, GERMANY, BRITAIN, FRANCE AND RUSSIA, THE SO-CALLED CONTACT GROUP, HAVE PREPARED TWO RESOLUTIONS FOR A VOTE WITHIN A DAY OR SO AFTER A PEACE DEAL. CORRESPONDENT ELAINE JOHANSON REPORTS. (11/20)

BOSNIA PEACE TALKS --THE BOSNIA PEACE TALKS ARE STILL UNDERWAY DESPITE AN EARLIER AMERICAN-IMPOSED DEADLINE. CORRESPONDENT RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS FROM DAYTON, OHIO, THE UNITED STATES IS STILL WORKING FOR A COMPREHENSIVE PEACE AGREEMENT WITH BALKAN LEADERS. (11/20)

DAYTON / FINISHING LINE -- WITH A BOSNIA PEACE AGREEMENT FINALLY CONCLUDED, STAFFER DJORDJE PUTIC REPORTS ON THE NEGOTIATORS' DAY AT WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR BASE AND ON THE SIGNING CEREMONY. (SERBIAN 11/21)

EU / NATO / BOSNIAN PEACE -- THE EUROPEAN UNION AND NATO WELCOME THE DAYTON PEACE AGREEMENT FOR BOSNIA-HERCEGOVINA, PLEDGING AID FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND STABILIZATION IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC. BRUSSELS STRINGER DRAGAN BLAGOJEVIC REPORTS. (SERBIAN 11/21)

UN / PEACE AGREEMENT -- UPON RECEIVING NEWS OF THE DAYTON PEACE AGREEMENT, THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL STARTED CONSULTATIONS ABOUT TWO DRAFT RESOLUTIONS RELATED TO THE AGREEMENT: SUSPENSION OF SANCTION AGAINST SERBIA/MONTENEGRO, AND ON THE ARMS EMBARGO TO BOSNIA. NEW YORK STRINGER DRAGISA BOSKOVIC REPORTS. (SERBIAN 11/21)

BELGRADE / PEACE AGREEMENT -- ALL YUGOSLAV POLITICAL LEADERS REACTED POSITIVELY TO DAYTON AGREEMENT CONCLUSION, EXCEPT THE LEADER OF THE NATIONALIST SERBIAN RADICAL PARTY WHO CONDEMNED IT AS A BETRAYAL OF SERBIAN INTERESTS. BELGRADE STRINGER DUSAN MASIC REPORTS. (SERBIAN 11/21)

ZAGREB / PEACE AGREEMENT -- CROATIA'S UN AMBASSADOR MARIO NOBILO SAYS THAT ZAGREB SHOULD BE SATISFIED WITH THE RESULTS OF DAYTON TALKS, WHILE THE CROATIAN MEDIA CAUTIOUSLY STRESSES THE POSSIBLE HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF DAYTON AGREEMENT. ZAGREB STRINGER STEVICA SUSA REPORTS. (SERBIAN 11/21)

SARAJEVO PROTEST / PEACE TALKS -- WHILE ANTICIPATING DAYTON TALKS CONCLUSION, CITIZENS FROM TWO DISPUTED BOSNIAN AREAS, WHICH ARE SUBJECT OF BITTER CONTENTION BETWEEN THE SERB AND THE BOSNIAN DELEGATIONS IN OHIO, GATHERED IN SARAJEVO, TO DEMAND UNITARY BOSNIA. SARAJEVO STRINGER BORO KONTIC REPORTS. (SERBIAN 11/20)

EU / DAYTON -- EUROPEAN UNION FOREIGN MINISTERS MEETING IN BRUSSELS AGREED IN PRINCIPLE ON AID PLAN FOR THE COUNTRIES OF EX-YUGOSLAVIA. HOWEVER, REALIZATION OF THIS PLAN DEPENDS ON THE EXPECTED PEACE AGREEMENT BEING WORKED OUT IN DAYTON, OHIO. BRUSSELS STRINGER DRAGAN BLAGOJEVIC REPORTS. (SERBIAN 11/20)

BELGRADE / OHIO TALKS -- THE PUBLIC IN SERBIA/MONTENEGRO IS GLUED TO TELEVISION AND RADIO AWAITING THE CONCLUSION OF THE OHIO TALKS. A PEACE AGREEMENT WOULD MEAN THE SUSPENSION OF UN SANCTIONS WHICH IS AS IMPORTANT AS THE PEACE ITSELF, REPORTS BELGRADE STRINGER DUSAN MASIC. (SERBIAN 11/20)

ZAGREB / OHIO TALKS -- OFFICIAL CROATIAN MEDIA PROCLAIMS ZAGREB'S DIPLOMATIC SUCCESS, WHILE POLITICAL ANALYSTS PREDICT A PARTIAL AGREEMENT WILL EMERGE FROM DAYTON CONFERENCE. POSAVINA CROATS DECRY WHAT THEY CALL A TUDJMAN-MILOSEVIC DEAL ON REPORTED WIDENING OF SERB-HELD CORRIDOR. ZAGREB STRINGER STEVICA SUSA REPORTS. (SERBIAN 11/20)

DAYTON / LATEST -- THROUGHOUT THE DAY, STAFFER DJORDJE PUTIC IS REPORTING FROM DAYTON ON THE LATEST ANNOUNCEMENTS BEING ISSUED AT WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR BASE, AS WELL AS ON THE TENSE ATMOSPHERE AMONG THE JOURNALISTS WHO WONDER WHETHER HISTORY IS IN THE MAKING BEHIND THE CLOSED DOORS. (SERBIAN 11/20)

BOSNIA TALKS / WATCH AT UN -- THE SECURITY COUNCIL PONDERS SEVERAL RESOLUTIONS ON BOSNIA LINKED TO THE PEACE TALKS IN OHIO. CORRESPONDENT LUIS TAMAYO REPORTS FROM NEW YORK. (SPANISH 11/20) 21-Nov-95 5:03 PM EST (2203 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[03] BOSNIA/SERB REACT (S ONLY) BY WAYNE COREY (VIENNA)

INTRO: A SENIOR BOSNIAN SERB LEADER, WHO WAS AT THE YUGOSLAV PEACE TALKS, SAYS HE AND OTHER SERB NEGOTIATORS DO NOT ACCEPT THE NEW PEACE AGREEMENT FOR BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. THE AGREEMENT WAS INITIALLED, ON THEIR BEHALF BY SERBIAN PRESIDENT SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC. V-O-A'S CENTRAL EUROPEAN CORRESPONDENT, WAYNE COREY, REPORTS.

TEXT: IN A MESSAGE, BROADCAST TO THE SERBIAN PEOPLE, PRESIDENT MILOSEVIC SAYS THE WAR IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA HAS, FINALLY, ENDED. WITH THE AGREEMENT HE AND THE BOSNIAN AND CROATIAN PRESIDENTS INITIALLED IN THE UNITED STATES, MR. MILOSEVIC SAYS INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST BELGRADE WILL BE SUSPENDED AND, EVENTUALLY,LIFTED. BUT, A KEY BOSNIAN SERB OFFICIAL SAYS SERB NEGOTIATORS DID NOT APPROVE THE CONCESSIONS MR. MILOSEVIC MADE AS THE HEAD OF THEIR DELEGATION TO THE PEACE TALKS. THE SPEAKER OF THE SELF-DECLARED BOSNIAN SERB PARLIAMENT, MOMCILO KRAJISNIK, SAYS THE SERBS OPPOSE THE PEACE AGREEMENT. HE IMPLIES THAT THE SERB PARLIAMENT WILL BE ENCOURAGED TO REJECT IT. EVEN BEFORE THE AGREEMENT WAS INITIALLED, THE SERBS INDICATED THEY WOULD IGNORE ONE PROVISION THAT PREVENTS INDICTED WAR CRIMINALS,LIKE SERB LEADER RADOVAN KARADZIC, FROM HOLDING POSITIONS OF POWER .

IF NECESSARY, THOUGH, THE SERBIAN PRESIDENT HAS SUFFICIENT MILITARY AND ECONOMIC LEVERAGE OVER THE BOSNIAN SERBS TO COMPEL THEM TO IMPLEMENT THE LATEST BOSNIAN PEACE AGREEMENT. (SIGNED)

NEB/WC/PT
21-Nov-95 6:41 PM EST (2341 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[04] BOSNIA / EURO REACT (S ONLY) BY KYLE KING (BONN)

INTRO: EUROPEAN GOVERNMENTS ARE APPLAUDING THE BOSNIA PEACE AGREEMENT. V-O-A'S KYLE KING REPORTS FROM BONN.

TEXT: GERMAN FOREIGN MINISTER KLAUS KINKEL SAID THE PEOPLE OF THE REGION COULD NOW BREATH A SIGH OF RELIEF BECAUSE THE BASIS FOR A LASTING PEACE HAS BEEN LAID. MR. KINKEL ALSO REPEATED HIS GOVERNMENT'S COMMITMENT TO CONTRIBUTE TROOPS TO THE NATO FORCE THAT WILL HELP IMPLEMENT THE ACCORD.

FRENCH FOREIGN MINISTER HERVE DE CHARETTE ALSO HAILED THE AGREEMENT, BUT HE SAID THE PEACE IS FRAGILE AND THE PARTIES MUST ACT IN GOOD FAITH TO IMPLEMENT IT. HE ALSO EXPRESSED CONTINUED CONCERN ABOUT THE FATE OF THE TWO FRENCH PILOTS WHO WERE SHOT DOWN IN AUGUST.

IN A STATEMENT TO THE FRENCH PARLIAMENT, MR. DE CHARETTE SAID HE EXPECTS THE FINAL PEACE AGREEMENT TO BE SIGNED IN PARIS IN THE NEAR FUTURE.

NATO OFFICIALS IN BRUSSELS WELCOMED THE ACCORD, SAYING THEY WILL BE READY TO BEGIN IMPLEMENTING THE MILITARY ASPECTS IN A MATTER OF DAYS. U-S GENERAL GEORGE JOULWAN, NATO'S MILITARY COMMANDER, HAS ALREADY SUBMITTED HIS PLANS TO CIVILIAN LEADERS, WHO ARE EXPECTED TO APPROVE THEM IN THE COMING DAYS. (SIGNED)

NEB/KBK/JWH/CF
21-Nov-95 1:39 PM EST (1839 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[05] BOSNIA PEACE TALKS (L) BY RON PEMSTEIN (DAYTON, OHIO)

INTRO: THE PEACE AGREEMENT BEING INITIALED IN DAYTON, OHIO, BY THE PRESIDENTS OF BOSNIA, CROATIA AND SERBIA WAS NOT ASSURED UNTIL A SHORT TIME AGO. RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS FROM DAYTON HOW THE BOSNIA PEACE TALKS ESCAPED COLLAPSE.

TEXT: CARL BILDT, THE EUROPEAN UNION'S NEGOTIATOR, COMPARES THE DAYTON TALKS TO A ROLLER COASTER (AMUSEMENT RIDE). ONE MOMENT A PEACE AGREEMENT APPEARS WITHIN REACH, HE SAYS, THE NEXT MOMENT, THE PROSPECT FADES TO A HOPELESS FAILURE.

THE PRESIDENTS OF SERBIA AND CROATIA AGREED MONDAY NIGHT TO PUT THEIR INITIALS ON THE BOSNIA PEACE AGREEMENT BUT BOSNIAN PRESIDENT ALIJA IZETBEGOVIC REFUSED. THE ISSUE WAS THE POSAVINA CORRIDOR IN NORTHEAST BOSNIA.

THE BOSNIAN SERBS WANTED A WIDER PASSAGE OVER THE BATTLE-TORN CITY OF BRCKO TO EASE CONNECTIONS FOR THE NORTHWEST CITY OF BANJA LUKA TO SERBIA. THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT RESISTED BECAUSE IT NEEDED AN OUTLET TO THE SAVA RIVER AND BOSNIA DID NOT WANT TO CONCEDE ANY MORE TERRITORY TO THE BOSNIAN SERBS.

BOSNIAN FOREIGN MINISTER MUHAMMED SACIRBEY TOLD REPORTERS EARLY TUESDAY THAT THE TALKS HAD COLLAPSED. DESPITE THE WILLINGNESS OF SERBIAN PRESIDENT SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC AND CROATIAN PRESIDENT FRANJO TUDJMAN, THERE WOULD BE NO BOSNIA PEACE AGREEMENT WITHOUT PRESIDENT IZETBEGOVIC.

SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER, WHO NEGOTIATED TIRELESSLY HERE SINCE FRIDAY EVENING, REFUSED TO GIVE UP. HE OFFERED BOSNIA A MEDIATION BOARD TO ARBITRATE DISPUTED ISSUES AROUND BRCKO. JUST 30 MINUTES BEFORE PRESIDENT CLINTON ANNOUNCED THE AGREEMENT, THE BOSNIAN PRESIDENT, BY THEN ISOLATED BY HIS NEIGHBORS, GAVE HIS ASSENT.

BOSNIA GETS ITS OWN TERRITORIAL CONCESSION IN THE AGREEMENT, A FREE CORRIDER THROUGH BOSNIAN SERB HELD TERRITORY CONNECTING SARAJEVO TO GORAZDE, THE MUSLIM ENCLAVE IN EASTERN BOSNIA. AS FOR SARAJEVO, THE CAPITAL WILL NOT BE DIVIDED AS THE SERBS WANTED BUT INSTEAD WILL BE THE CAPITAL OF THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT.

DESPITE THE ROLLER COASTER QUALITY OF THE THREE WEEKS OF NEGOTIATIONS HERE, THE TALKS AT WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE CLOSED ON THE UPSWING. THE SNOW THAT BLANKETED DAYTON IN THE EARLY MORNING HOURS HAS MELTED IN BRIGHT SUNSHINE. (SIGNED)

NEB/RP/CF
21-Nov-95 1:14 PM EST (1814 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[06] BOSNIA / SARAJEVO (L) BY DAVID FOLEY (SARAJEVO)

INTRO: ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE BOSNIAN PEACE AGREEMENT WAS WELCOMED BY THE PEOPLE OF SARAJEVO, WHO HAVE ENDURED SEEMINGLY ENDLESS HARDSHIP AND TERROR FOR MORE THAN THREE-AND-ONE-HALF YEARS. BUT AS DAVID FOLEY REPORTS FROM SARAJEVO, THERE IS STILL A GREAT DEAL OF SKEPTICISM LASTING PEACE HAS FINALLY COME TO BOSNIA.

TEXT: THE FIRST WINTER SNOWSTORM HAS BLANKETED SARAJEVO, COVERING MANY OF THE SCARS OF WAR THAT MAR THIS ONCE BEAUTIFUL CITY. AFTER THREE-AND-ONE-HALF YEARS OF FIGHTING, THE DESTRUCTION AND TERROR THE WAR HAS BROUGHT CAN STILL BE SEEN ON THE STREETS AND IN THE FACES OF THE PEOPLE HERE.

MACHINE GUN FIRE, APPARENTLY IN CELEBRATION OF THE AGREEMENT, CAN BE HEARD AROUND THE CITY. WHEN THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE PEACE AGREEMENT CAME, A FEW BOTTLES OF CHAMPAGNE WERE OPENED AND SOME PEOPLE HUGGED.

BUT MOST SARAJEVANS FIND IT VERY HARD TO BELIEVE IN CEASEFIRES AND PEACE AGREEMENTS. EVERYONE WANTED TO KNOW IF SARAJEVO WOULD REMAIN A DIVIDED CITY. WHEN THEY HEARD THE BOSNIAN CAPITAL WOULD BE UNIFIED UNDER GOVERNMENT CONTROL, THERE WERE A FEW SMILES, BUT MOSTLY SHRUGS.

THE PEOPLE HERE WANT TO SEE IF THE PEACE PLAN IS IMPLEMENTED, TO SEE IF THE BOSNIAN SERBS ACTUALLY TURN OVER SOME PARTS OF SARAJEVO TO GOVERNMENT CONTROL, AND TO SEE IF WAR CRIMINALS ARE HANDED OVER TO THE INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNAL. WHILE THEY SAY THE RETURN OF REFUGEES TO BOSNIAN-SERB HELD AREAS IS MERELY A DIPLOMATIC FANTASY, THEY DO WANT TO SEE IF PEOPLE WILL BE ABLE TO TRAVEL FREELY.

FOR ALL OF THESE THINGS TO HAPPEN, THE PEOPLE OF SARAJEVO BELIEVE IT WILL BE THE PRESENCE OF U-S TROOPS ON THE GROUND THAT WILL BE ESSENTIAL. FRENCH AND BRITISH TROOPS WEARING U-N BERETS HAVE BEEN PUSHED AROUND BY ALL SIDES FOR MOST OF THE WAR. AFTER THE NATO AIRSTRIKES TWO MONTHS AGO, IT IS ONLY THE AMERICANS THAT ARE SEEN TO HAVE THE KIND OF CREDIBILITY TO ENFORCE THE PEACE PLAN AND GIVE CONFIDENCE ALL SIDES WILL HAVE TO COMPLY WITH THE AGREEMENT.

BUT THE CELEBRATIONS IN BOSNIA ARE MUTED BY MORE THAN SKEPTICISM. THERE IS A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF REGRET HERE -- REGRET THE DREAM OF A MULTI-ETHNIC BOSNIA, WITH EVERYONE -- SERBS, CROATS, AND MUSLIMS -- LIVING TOGETHER IN PEACE, HAS FINALLY BEEN LAID TO REST. SARAJEVANS SAY THE BOSNIAN SERBS HAVE SUCCEEDED IN CREATING AN ETHNIC HOMELAND BY THE USE OF TERROR AND FORCE, AND THAT IS A BITTER PILL FOR THE PEOPLE OF THE CITY TO SWALLOW. (SIGNED)

NEB/DF/JWH/RAE
21-Nov-95 2:21 PM EST (1921 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[07] BOSNIA TROOPS / GERMANY (S ONLY) BY KYLE KING (BONN)

INTRO: WHEN THE ORDERS COME THROUGH FOR THE DEPLOYMENT OF NATO FORCES TO KEEP THE PEACE IN BOSNIA, SOME OF THE FIRST TROOPS WILL COME FROM U-S MILITARY UNITS BASED IN GERMANY. V-O-A'S KYLE KING REPORTS.

TEXT: U-S TROOPS BASED IN EUROPE SPENT MUCH OF THE DAY WAITING FOR WORD ON PROGRESS AT THE PEACE TALKS IN DAYTON, OHIO. NOW THAT AN AGREEMENT TO END THE WAR HAS BEEN REACHED, MANY OF THEM WILL BE GEARING UP FOR A MISSION THEY ARE ALREADY TRAINED TO CARRY OUT.

COMMANDERS AT THE FIRST ARMORED DIVISION IN BAD KREUZNACH SAY SOLDIERS ARE NOW AT PEAK READINESS.

ABOUT TEN-THOUSAND SOLDIERS FROM THE DIVISION HAVE BEEN TRAINING FOR THE MISSION FOR WEEKS, PRACTICING HOW TO SEPARATE THE WARRING FACTIONS, CLEAR MINES, AND SMOOTH THE TRANSITION FROM FOUR YEARS OF WAR.

THE DIVISION ITSELF WILL BE WELL EQUIPPED FOR THE JOB. U-S TROOPS WILL BE BACKED BY APACHE HELICOPTERS, M-ONE BATTLE TANKS, AND LASER-GUIDED WEAPONS.

OVERALL THE UNITED STATES WILL LIKELY CONTRIBUTE ABOUT 20-THOUSAND TROOPS TO THE 60-THOUSAND MAN NATO CONTINGENT THAT IS EXPECTED TO BE DEPLOYED TO IMPLEMENT THE PEACE AGREEMENT. NATO OFFICIALS SAY THEY WILL TRY TO COMPLETE WORK ON THE DEPLOYMENT PLAN IN THE COMING DAYS. (SIGNED)

NEB/KBK/JWH/JM
21-Nov-95 12:42 PM EST (1742 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[08] BOSNIA PEACE TALKS OVERNIGHTER (S) BY RON PEMSTEIN (DAYTON)

INTRO: AT THE BOSNIA PEACE TALKS, THE PRESIDENTS OF BOSNIA, CROATIA AND SERBIA REMAIN DETERMINED TO COMPLETE AN AGREEMENT AS THE NEGOTIATIONS MOVE INTO THEIR THIRD WEEK. RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS FROM DAYTON, OHIO, SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER REFUSES TO GIVE UP.

TEXT: ALL TALK OF DEADLINES HAS DISAPPEARED FROM THE AMERICAN DELEGATION. AFTER THREATENING TO CUT OFF THE NEGOTIATIONS MONDAY MORNING, THE U-S NEGOTIATING TEAM RETURNS THIS MORNING IN AN EFFORT TO PRODUCE A COMPREHENSIVE PEACE AGREEMENT.

SECRETARY OF STATE CHRISTOPHER ORDERED THE ENGINES ON HIS AIRPLANE SHUT OFF LAST NIGHT. HE REMAINS HERE TO RESOLVE THE LAST TERRITORIAL DISPUTE, OVER THE POSAVINA CORRIDOR ACROSS NORTHERN BOSNIA. SERBIA WANTS A WIDER PASSAGE ALONG THE CROATIAN BORDER. THE SAME AREA IS IMPORTANT TO BOSNIAN CROATS. PRESIDENT CLINTON APPEALED FOR FLEXIBILITY ON THE ISSUE FROM CROATIAN PRESIDENT FRANJO TUDJMAN.

MOST OF THE OTHER ISSUES -- ELECTIONS, SEPARATION OF FORCES AND A BOSNIAN CONSTITUTION -- ARE VIRTUALLY WRAPPED UP, LEAVING THE MOST DIFFICULT ISSUE, TERRITORY, STANDING IN THE WAY OF A COMPREHENSIVE PEACE AGREEMENT. IF THE LEADERS DO INITIAL A TREATY TODAY, PRESIDENT CLINTON WILL ASK CONGRESS TO SUPPORT HIS DECISION TO SEND AMERICAN TROOPS TO ENFORCE THE AGREEMENT. (SIGNED)

NEB / RP / LTJ / WOD
21-Nov-95 12:44 AM EST (0544 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[09] BOSNIA PEACE TALKS AGREEMENT (S) BY RON PEMSTEIN (DAYTON)

INTRO: THE PRESIDENTS OF BOSNIA, SERBIA AND CROATIA HAVE PUT THEIR INITIALS ON A COMPREHENSIVE PEACE AGREEMENT TO END THE WAR IN BOSNIA AFTER 43 MONTHS. V-O-A'S CORRESPONDENT RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS FROM DAYTON, OHIO, THE SITE OF THE PROXIMITY PEACE TALKS.

TEXT: THE AMERICAN GAMBLE OF TRAPPING BALKAN LEADERS INSIDE AN AMERICAN MILITARY BASE WITH INTERNATIONAL MEDIATORS HAS REAPED ITS REWARD. THE PRESIDENTS OF BOSNIA, SERBIA AND CROATIA HAVE COMMITTED THEIR COUNTRIES TO PERMANENTLY STOP THE FIGHTING AND TO BUILD A NEW BOSNIA.

SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER, WHOSE NON-STOP DIPLOMACY RESCUED THESE TALKS FROM LAST MINUTE COLLAPSE, EXPRESSED THE INITIAL SKEPTICISM.

WE'VE REACHED DAY THAT MANY BELIEVED WOULD NEVER COME. AFTER THREE WEEKS OF INTENSIVE NEGOTIATIONS HERE IN DAYTON, THE LEADERS OF BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, CROATIA AND SERBIA HAVE AGREED TO END THE WAR IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA.

THE PRESIDENTS OF ALL THREE BALKAN COUNTRIES APPEALED FOR NATO TROOPS INCLUDING AMERICAN SOLDIERS TO HELP THEM PUT THE MASSIVE AGREEMENT INTO EFFECT. BOSNIA'S PRESIDENT ALIJA IZETBEGOVIC SAYS THIS AGREEMENT MAY NOT BE A JUST PEACE, BUT A BETTER PEACE CANNOT BE ACHIEVED.

THE CHIEF AMERICAN NEGOTIATOR RICHARD HOLBROOKE NOTES THERE IS PEACE NOW ON PAPER BUT AN EQUALLY DAUNTING TASK WILL BE TO PUT THAT PEACE INTO PRACTICE.(SIGNED)

NEB / RP / BD/PT
21-Nov-95 6:57 PM EST (2357 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[10] CLINTON / BOSNIA (L) BY DEBORAH TATE (WHITE HOUSE)

INTRO: PRESIDENT CLINTON HAS ANNOUNCED THAT U-S LED PEACE TALKS AMONG THE PRESIDENTS OF BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, CROATIA AND SERBIA HAVE RESULTED IN A PEACE AGREEMENT TO END THE BOSNIAN WAR -- THE BLOODIEST EUROPEAN CONFLICT SINCE WORLD WAR TWO. MR. CLINTON SAYS HE WILL NOW ASK CONGRESS TO SUPPORT THE DEPLOYMENT OF AMERICAN TROOPS TO BOSNIA TO TAKE PART IN MONITORING THAT PEACE AGREEMENT. V-O-A WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENT DEBORAH TATE REPORTS.

TEXT: PRESIDENT CLINTON HAS WELCOMED THE AGREEMENT REACHED TUESDAY AMONG THE PRESIDENTS OF BOSNIA, CROATIA AND SERBIA, SAYING THE PEOPLE OF BOSNIA FINALLY HAVE A CHANCE TO TURN FROM THE HORROR OF WAR TO THE PROMISE OF PEACE.

THE PRESIDENTS OF BOSNIA, CROATIA AND SERBIA HAVE MADE A HISTORIC AND HEROIC CHOICE. THEY HAVE HEEDED THE WILL OF THEIR PEOPLE, WHATEVER THEIR ETHNIC GROUP, THE OVERWHELMING MAJORITY OF BOSNIAN CITIZENS, CITIZENS OF CROATIA AND SERBIA WANT THE SAME THING. THEY WANT TO STOP THE SLAUGHTER. THEY WANT TO PUT AN END TO THE VIOLENCE AND WAR, THEY WANT TO GIVE THEIR CHILDREN AND GRANDCHILDREN A CHANCE TO LEAD A NORMAL LIFE. TODAY, THANK GOD, THE VOICES OF THOSE PEOPLE HAVE BEEN HEARD.

THE AGREEMENT REPRESENTS A MAJOR FOREIGN POLICY ACHIEVEMENT FOR THE PRESIDENT AFTER MONTHS OF PERSISTENT DIPLOMATIC EFFORTS TO TRY TO END THE WAR.

BUT THE ACCORD MUST NOW BE IMPLEMENTED, AND MR. CLINTON FACES ANOTHER CHALLENGE: TO GET THE SUPPORT OF CONGRESS FOR SENDING U-S TROOPS TO BOSNIA TO TAKE PART IN A NATO PEACEKEEPING MISSION.

MR. CLINTON HAS PLEDGED UP TO 25-THOUSAND AMERICAN TROOPS TO SUCH AN OPERATION. BUT MANY LAWMAKERS -- BOTH REPUBLICAN AND DEMOCRAT -- ARE NOT CONVINCED AN AMERICAN PRESENCE IN A BOSNIAN PEACEKEEPING MISSION IS IN THE U-S NATIONAL INTEREST.

MR. CLINTON PLEDGED TO CONSULT LAWMAKERS ABOUT THE PLAN, AND ARGUED THAT BECAUSE U-S LEADERSHIP MADE THE PEACE AGREEMENT POSSIBLE, U-S LEADERSHIP, HE SAYS, IS NEEDED TO MAKE THE PEACE REAL.

I AM SATISFIED THAT THE NATO IMPLEMENTATION PLAN IS CLEAR, LIMITED AND ACHIEVABLE, AND THAT THE RISKS TO OUR TROOPS ARE MINIMIZED. I WILL PROMPTLY CONSULT WITH CONGRESS WHEN I RECEIVE THIS PLAN, AND IF I AM FULLY SATISFIED WITH IT WHEN I SEE IT IN ITS FINAL FORM, I WILL ASK CONGRESS TO SUPPORT AMERICAN PARTICIPATION.

MR. CLINTON REASSURES CONGRESS THERE WOULD BE NO AMERICAN DEPLOYMENT UNTIL LAWMAKERS HAVE THEIR SAY IN THE MATTER.

BUT THE PRESIDENT IN THE PAST HAS SAID HE WOULD USE HIS AUTHORITY AS COMMANDER IN CHIEF TO SEND TROOPS TO BOSNIA WITH OR WITHOUT CONGRESSIONAL APPROVAL. (SIGNED)

NEB/DAT/JM
21-Nov-95 1:36 PM EST (1836 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[11] CONGRESS / BOSNIA REACT (L) BY DAVID SWAN (SENATE)

INTRO: PRESIDENT CLINTON SAYS HE WILL ASK CONGRESS TO SUPPORT THE USE OF U-S SOLDIERS AS PEACEKEEPERS IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA -- BUT MANY REPUBLICANS, AT LEAST, ARE NOT YET PREPARED TO GO ALONG. V-O-A'S DAVID SWAN REPORTS FROM THE SENATE.

TEXT: REPUBLICANS HAVE LONG RESISTED THE USE OF AMERICAN MILITARY POWER IN THE BALKANS, ESPECIALLY GROUND TROOPS. THOUGH THE WARRING FACTIONS HAVE REACHED A PEACE ACCORD, THE LAWMAKERS SAY PRESIDENT CLINTON HAS NOT MADE A CASE FOR U-S TROOP INVOLVEMENT.

REPUBLICAN SENATOR AND PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE RICHARD LUGAR SUGGESTS THE AGREEMENT IS DOOMED TO FAILURE UNLESS THE PARTIES DISARM.

I'M TAKING FOR GRANTED THE SERBIANS SAY THEY WANT PEACE. BUT I'LL BELIEVE THAT IF THEY GIVE UP THEIR TANKS, THEIR ARTILLERY, THEIR OTHER ELEMENTS. YOU KNOW, THERE REALLY HAVE TO BE SOME ELEMENTS OF GOOD FAITH BEYOND SIMPLY INITIALING THIS DOCUMENT.

OTHER MEMBERS OF CONGRESS FEAR AMERICAN SOLDIERS WOULD FACE GREATER RISK THAN EUROPEANS -- AND WOULD BE TRAPPED IN AN UNCERTAIN MISSION WITH NO CLEAR PLAN FOR GETTING OUT. SOME COMPARE BOSNIA TO SOMALIA, WHERE THE MISSION WAS VAGUE AND 18 U-S TROOPS DIED IN A DISASTROUS STREET BATTLE.

DEMOCRATS ARE PREDICTABLY MORE SUPPORTIVE, PRAISING THE PEACE ACCORD AND SAYING THE UNITED STATES SHOULD HELP CARRY IT OUT. DEMOCRATIC CONGRESSMAN BILL RICHARDSON ARGUES IF WASHINGTON FAILS TO ACT, THE WAR COULD SPREAD BEYOND BOSNIAN BORDERS AND NATO COULD FACE SEVERE TURMOIL. BUT HE ADDS, THE PRESIDENT MUST WORK CLOSELY WITH CONGRESS AND ALSO EDUCATE THE PUBLIC.

MOST AMERICANS DON'T KNOW WHERE BOSNIA IS AND THEY WANT SOME JUSTIFICATION FOR 20-THOUSAND OF OUR TROOPS OUT THERE. I THINK THERE IS JUSTIFICATION BUT ITS GOING TO BE A TOUGH SELLING JOB.

WHILE THE PRESIDENT WILL ASK CONGRESS FOR SUPPORT, HE HAS THE POWER TO SEND IN TROOPS WITHOUT THE LAWMAKERS' APPROVAL. HOWEVER, THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HAS ALREADY VOTED NOT TO SPEND MONEY ON THE MISSION UNLESS CONGRESS SPECIFICALLY CLEARS THE OPERATION FIRST. THE SENATE MAY TAKE UP THAT BILL IN THE COMING WEEKS. MEMBERS OF BOTH PARTIES SAY MR. CLINTON MUST OFFER STRONG ARGUMENTS IF HE HOPES TO AVOID A DIVISIVE FIGHT. (SIGNED)

NEB/DS/BD/JM
21-Nov-95 4:34 PM EST (2134 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[12] TURKEY HUMAN RIGHTS (L-ONLY) BY CHRIS SIMKINS (NEW YORK)

INTRO: A REPORT RELEASED TODAY (TUESDAY) BY A U-S / BASED HUMAN RIGHTS ORGANIZATION ACCUSES THE UNITED STATES AND OTHER NATO MEMBERS OF PROVIDING WEAPONS TO TURKEY THAT ARE BEING USED TO CARRY OUT HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES AGAINST KURDISH REBELS. V-O-A'S CORRESPONDENT CHRIS SIMKINS HAS MORE ON THE STORY FROM NEW YORK.

TEXT: HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH -- A PRIVATE NEW YORK-BASED ORGANIZATION -- SAYS TURKEY IS USING WEAPONS SUPPLIED MAINLY BY THE UNITED STATES TO CARRY OUT HUMAN-RIGHTS ABUSES IN ATTACKS AGAINST KURDISH REBEL POSITIONS IN SOUTHEASTERN TURKEY. IN THE 179-PAGE REPORT, HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH LISTS 29 INCIDENTS OVER THE LAST THREE YEARS IN WHICH THE GROUP SAYS U-S OR NATO WEAPONS -- SUCH AS FIGHTER JETS AND HELICOPTERS, WERE USED BY TURKEY TO LAUNCH ATTACKS ON CIVILIAN VILLAGES. STEVE GOOSE, DIRECTOR OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH ARMS PROJECTS, SAYS ALL WEAPONS SALES TO TURKEY SHOULD STOP.

THE GOVERNMENT OF TURKEY IN OUR OPINION HAS ENGAGED IN A CONSISTENT PATTERN OF GROSS ABUSES OF INTERNATIONALLY RECOGNIZED HUMAN RIGHTS. BECAUSE OF THAT RECORD HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH HAS FOR MANY YEARS CALLED FOR A CUT OFF OF ALL MILITARY SALES AND AID TO TURKEY AS IS REQUIRED BY U-S LAW THAT HAS BEEN ON THE BOOKS SINCE THE LATE 1970'S, THAT REQUIRES A CUT OFF OF ALL SALES MADE TO COUNTRIES THAT ENGAGE IN A CONSISTENT PATTERN OF GROSS ABUSES.

THE REPORT INDICATES, SINCE 1992, U-S OFFICIALS AT THE DEFENSE DEPARTMENT HAVE BEEN FULLY AWARE U-S WEAPONS ARE BEING USED IN TURKEY'S COUNTERINSURGENCY CAMPAIGN AGAINST KURDISH REBELS. THERE WAS NO ONE AVAILABLE AT THE TURKISH MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS IN NEW YORK TO COMMENT ON THE HUMAN-RIGHTS REPORT.

HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH GROUP ESTIMATES 19 THOUSAND PEOPLE HAVE BEEN KILLED IN THE WAR WITH THE KURDISH REBELS OVER THE LAST 11 YEARS. THE STUDY ACKNOWLEDGES THE KURDISTAN WORKERS PARTY HAS ALSO COMMITTED HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS, BUT SAYS THE MAJORITY OF ABUSES WERE CARRIED OUT BY THE TURKISH GOVERNMENT.

OFFICIALS AT THE STATE DEPARTMENT DENY MOST OF THE ALLEGATIONS CONTAINED IN THE REPORT, BUT SAY U-S WEAPONS MAY HAVE BEEN USED INDISCRIMINATELY TO KILL KURDISH CIVILIANS, LAST JUNE.

HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH SAYS THE UNITED STATES SUPPLY'S 80 PERCENT OF DEFENSE EQUIPMENT USED BY TURKEY'S AIR FORCE. STEVE GOOSE, WITH HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH, SAYS HE UNITED STATES HAS PROVIDED MORE THAN FIVE BILLION DOLLARS IN MILITARY AID TO TURKEY IN THE LAST DECADE.

THE CENTERPIECE OF U-S MILITARY RELATIONS -- THROUGHOUT THIS DECADE AND BEFORE THAT -- HAS BEEN A MULTI-BILLION DOLLAR CO-PRODUCTION AGREEMENT FOR F-16 BOMBERS. THE U-S PROVIDED A FIRST BATCH OF THE F-16'S AND EVER SINCE THEN TURKEY HAS BEEN BUILDING THEM, USING U-S COMPONENTS AND U-S PARTS FOR SEVERAL HUNDRED PLANES. THESE PLANES HAVE BEEN USED EXTENSIVELY IN INDISCRIMINATE BOMBING ATTACKS AGAINST THE KURD REBELS IN SOUTHEAST TURKEY.

TURKEY IS A LONG-TIME ALLY OF THE UNITED STATES. IT IS STRATEGICALLY LOCATED IN THE MIDDLE EAST. (SIGNED) NEB / NY / CS / LSF / WOD 21-Nov-95 3:04 AM EST (0804 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[13] U-S / BOSNIA FORCE (L) BY DAVID GOLLUST (PENTAGON)

INTRO: THE INITIALING OF THE ACCORD IN DAYTON HAS SET IN MOTION INTENSIVE PREPARATIONS FOR THE DEPLOYMENT OF THE NATO-LED FORCE THAT IS TO IMPLEMENT PEACE IN BOSNIA. LOGISTICS WORK FOR THE ARRIVAL OF THE 60-THOUSAND MEMBER NATO FORCE IS EXPECTED TO BEGIN WITHIN A FEW DAYS. V-O-A'S DAVID GOLLUST REPORTS FROM THE PENTAGON.

TEXT: PENTAGON OFFICIALS SAY AN "ENABLING FORCE" OF AS MANY AS TWO THOUSAND NATO SPECIALISTS IS PREPARING TO MOVE INTO BOSNIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES -- TO BEGIN LAYING THE GROUNDWORK FOR WHAT WILL BE ALLIANCE'S BIGGEST MILITARY DEPLOYMENT EVER.

THE MILITARY SPECIALISTS -- SEVERAL HUNDRED OF WHOM WILL BE AMERICANS -- WILL OPEN FIELD HEADQUARTERS, SET UP SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS AND INSPECT AND REPAIR ROADS AND AIRFIELDS THAT WOULD BE USED BY THE 60-THOUSAND MEMBER IMPLEMENTATION FORCE.

NATO'S DECISION-MAKING NORTH ATLANTIC COUNCIL IS EXPECTED TO APPROVE THE DISPATCH OF THE ENABLING FORCE WITHIN A FEW DAYS. DEFENSE DEPARTMENT SPOKESMAN, NAVY CAPTAIN MIKE DOUBLEDAY, SAYS THE ADVANCE WORK IS ESSENTIAL TO THE NATO MISSION.

THE ENABLING FORCE IS DESIGNED TO MAKE IT POSSIBLE FOR THE DEPLOYMENT TO FLOW SMOOTHLY. NOW, NOT ALL OF THE ENABLING FORCE WOULD GO INTO BOSNIA. IN SOME CASES THEY WOULD GO INTO SOME OF THE SURROUNDING COUNTRIES. BUT THE PURPOSE OF THE ENABLING FORCE IS TO SET UP THE INFRASTRUCTURE THAT WOULD MAKE IT POSSIBLE FOR TROOPS TO DEPLOY MORE RAPIDLY AND TO GET THEIR HEADQUARTERS SET UP MORE QUICKLY.

OFFICIALS HERE SAY THAT WHILE THE UNITED STATES AND THE OTHER CONTRIBUTING COUNTRIES HAVE NOT YET MADE FINAL POLITICAL DECISIONS ON ACTUAL DEPLOYMENT OF THE FORCE, THE LOGISTICS WORK MUST GO AHEAD NOW IF NATO'S TIGHT DEPLOYMENT TIMETABLE IS TO BE KEPT.

THE FIRST COMBAT UNITS OF THE FORCE, PROBABLY AMERICAN TROOPS FROM GERMANY, ARE TO BE AIRLIFTED INTO BOSNIA WITHIN HOURS AFTER THE PEACE DEAL IS FORMALLY SIGNED -- LIKELY IN CEREMONIES IN PARIS NEXT MONTH.

THE REMAINDER OF THE IMPLEMENTATION FORCE, INCLUDING TANKS AND OTHER HEAVY WEAPONS, WILL BEGIN MOVING INTO BOSNIA BY ROAD AND RAIL IN A PROCESS THAT WILL TAKE BETWEEN 45 AND 60 DAYS TO COMPLETE.

AMERICAN TROOPS, MANY OF WHOM WILL MOVE INTO BOSNIA FROM STAGING AREAS IN HUNGARY, WILL BE BASED IN TUZLA AND BE RESPONSIBLE FOR SECURITY IN MOST OF THE EASTERN PART OF THE COUNTRY. BRITISH FORCES, EXPECTED TO ENTER THROUGH CROATIA, WILL PATROL WESTERN BOSNIA -- WHILE FRENCH TROOPS ARE TO BE HEADQUARTERED IN SARAJEVO AND OPERATE IN THE SOUTH.

TROOPS OR MATERIAL SUPPORT FOR THE FORCE ARE ALSO EXPECTED TO BE PROVIDED BY OTHER NATO MEMBERS, PARTNERSHIP FOR PEACE COUNTRIES IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE AND SOME MUSLIM STATES.

U-S DEFENSE SECRETARY WILLIAM PERRY WILL GO TO BRUSSELS NEXT TUESDAY TO MEET RUSSIAN DEFENSE MINISTER PAVEL GRACHEV AND FINALIZE PLANS FOR MOSCOW'S EXPECTED CONTRIBUTION OF MORE THAN TWO THOUSAND COMBAT AND MILITARY SUPPORT TROOPS. (SIGNED)

NEB/DAG/BD/JM
21-Nov-95 3:35 PM EST (2035 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[14] U-S / BOSNIA O'NITER (S-O) BY DEBORAH TATE (WHITE HOUSE)

INTRO: NOW THAT A PEACE AGREEMENT HAS BEEN REACHED FOR BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, PRESIDENT CLINTON IS FOCUSING HIS ATTENTION ON CONVINCING AMERICANS ABOUT THE NEED TO SEND U-S TROOPS TO BOSNIA TO HELP MONITOR THAT ACCORD. MR. CLINTON -- UNDER PRESSURE FROM A SKEPTICAL CONGRESS -- PLANS TO MAKE HIS CASE TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE SOON. V-O-A'S WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENT DEBORAH TATE REPORTS.

TEXT: WHITE HOUSE SPOKESMAN MIKE MCCURRY SAYS CONGRESSIONAL LEADERS OF BOTH PARTIES TOLD PRESIDENT CLINTON TUESDAY HE WOULD HAVE AN UPHILL BATTLE TO WIN PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR A U-S PEACEKEEPING ROLE IN BOSNIA.

MR. MCCURRY ACKNOWLEDGES THE PRESIDENT WILL HAVE SOME EXPLAINING TO DO. HE SAYS MR. CLINTON WILL LIKELY MAKE HIS CASE TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE IN A NATIONALLY TELEVISED ADDRESS IN THE NEAR FUTURE.

IT IS A GIVEN THAT THE PRESIDENT WILL BE GOING BEFORE THE AMERICAN PEOPLE TO MAKE A CASE ABOUT THE URGENCY OF U-S PARTICIPATION IN HELPING TO IMPLEMENT THIS PEACE. THE AMERICAN PEOPLE HAVE QUESTIONS ABOUT THIS. THEY KNOW VERY LITTLE ABOUT THE BALKANS, BUT THEY KNOW A LOT ABOUT THE HORROR AND THE BLOODSHED THAT THEY HAVE SEEN IN THE LAST THREE-AND-A-HALF YEARS.

THE SPOKESMAN MADE CLEAR THAT WHILE MR. CLINTON WOULD LIKE CONGRESSIONAL SUPPORT FOR THE U-S DEPLOYMENT, THE PRESIDENT WOULD USE HIS AUTHORITY AS COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF TO SEND IN TROOPS WITH OR WITHOUT LAWMAKERS' APPROVAL.(SIGNED)

NEB / DAT / BD/PT
21-Nov-95 6:48 PM EST (2348 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[15] U.S. / E.U SUMMIT PREVIEW BY ART CHIMES (WASHINGTON)

INTRO: LEADERS FROM THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE UNITED STATES ARE DUE TO MEET IN MADRID (SPAIN) ON DECEMBER THIRD. AS WE HEAR FROM V-O-A CORRESPONDENT ART CHIMES, THE AGENDA INCLUDES ISSUES RELATED TO ECONOMICS AND TRADE.

TEXT: WITH THE END OF THE COLD WAR AND THE COLLAPSE OF THE SOVIET UNION AND THE EAST BLOC, THE UNITED STATES AND ITS EUROPEAN ALLIES HAVE BEEN TRYING TO DEVELOP A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR TRANSATLANTIC RELATIONS MOVING INTO THE NEW CENTURY.

ASSISTANT U-S SECRETARY OF STATE DANIEL TARULLO SAYS THE BEST APPROACH IS TO BUILD ON EXISTING INSTITUTIONS WITHOUT ANY RADICAL CHANGE.

REALLY, THERE IS NOT THE NEED FOR GRAND NEW STRUCTURES IN THE U-S - EUROPEAN RELATIONSHIP. WHAT I THINK YOU WILL SEE IS THE PULLING TOGETHER OF BOTH OUR SHARED AIMS . . . AND ALSO THE PULLING TOGETHER OF OUR SHARED ONGOING AREAS OF COOPERATION.

ONE OBVIOUS AREA FOR INCREASED COOPERATION IS TRADE. TRANSATLANTIC COMMERCE INCLUDES A WIDE VARIETY OF GOODS AND SERVICES AND IS VITALLY IMPORTANT TO BOTH EUROPE AND THE UNITED STATES. AS TRADE BARRIERS COME DOWN IN OTHER MARKETS, SOME ANALYSTS WONDER WHETHER THIS IS NOT THE TIME FOR A TRANSATLANTIC FREE TRADE AGREEMENT.

AN ANALYSIS BY A WASHINGTON THINK TANK CALLED THE "ECONOMIC STRATEGY INSTITUTE" INDICATES THE ELIMINATION OF TARIFFS ALONE WOULD INCREASE TRADE BY ABOUT 70-BILLION DOLLARS A YEAR, ABOUT HALF IN EACH DIRECTION. CLYDE PRESTOWITZ IS PRESIDENT OF THE INSTITUTE. HE SAYS THE TOTAL IMPACT FROM TARIFF ELIMINATION AND OTHER LIBERALIZATIONS WOULD HAVE AN ENORMOUS ECONOMIC IMPACT, ALTHOUGH HE ADMITS THE PROJECTIONS ARE NOT TOO PRECISE.

SO THE GAIN FROM A U-S - EUROPEAN ARRANGEMENT, WE CALCULATED, WOULD BE SOMEWHERE BETWEEN 50-BILLION AND 200-BILLION DOLLARS [A YEAR] IN ADDITIONAL G-D-P FOR EACH SIDE. AND WE FIGURED THAT'S JUST ABOUT AS ACCURATE AS YOU CAN GET WITH THESE KINDS OF ESTIMATES.

MR. TARULLO, THE STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL, SAYS DISCUSSION OF A TRANSATLANTIC FREE TRADE ZONE IS NOT ON THE AGENDA FOR THE DECEMBER THIRD SUMMIT.

TRADE FRICTIONS DO EXIST BETWEEN AMERICA AND EUROPE, ON ISSUES AS DIVERSE AS AGRICULTURE AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS. BUT ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE TARULLO SAYS THE BROAD AND EXTENSIVE NETWORK OF TRADING RELATIONSHIPS MAKE THAT INEVITABLE.

OBVIOUSLY, THERE ARE FRICTIONS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND EUROPE AND INDEED THOSE ARE GOING TO CONTINUE. . . . WHEN YOU HAVE THAT MUCH INVESTMENT, THAT MUCH TRADE, YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE DISAGREEMENTS FROM TIME-TO-TIME.

BUT MR. TARULLO SAYS THERE IS BROAD AGREEMENT ON EUROPEAN-AMERICAN COOPERATION ON EXTENDING ECONOMIC COOPERATING, AS WELL AS ON NON-ECONOMIC ISSUES SUCH AS PROMOTING PEACE AND DEMOCRACY, ESPECIALLY IN EASTERN EUROPE AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION. (SIGNED)

NEB/ART/JM
21-Nov-95 3:30 PM EST (2030 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America