The climate of Kefalonia is mild and mediterranean with rainy and clement winters and dry summers. The wind is easterly and is never too strong. The temperature fluctuates between 13^o and 18^o C, although it can be bitterly cold in the winter and very hot in the summer.

Farming on the mountainous island of Kefalonia is not a very profitable business. Its inhabitants are forced to emigrate or become traders to make ends meet. However, there are some limited range cultivations which produce oil, Robola wine, and raisins. Stock-breeding is quite developed and produces high quality dairy products. Apiculture is relatively developed and produces pure, sweet-smelling honey.

Kefalonia, 781.5 km in area, is the largest Ionian island and the sixth largest Greek island. It lies south of Lefkada, north of Zakynthos, and west of Ithaki. It has 254 km of coastline and a population of about 27,650 inhabitants. The prefecture of Kefalonia includes Ithaki and various neighbouring islets.

Kefalonia is a mountainous island with mediterranean vegetation. Evergreen bushes such as holy and oleaster grow on its soil. Kefalonian fir trees, cypress trees, arbutus, holy, and lentisk thrive on mount Ainos, which occupies the largest part of the island. The flora of the island includes rare kinds of flowers, such as the mauve lilies Paeonia mascula-russi, the Poa cephalonica, the Saponaria aenesia, and the Scutellaria cephalonica. Ordinary flowers such as violets and saponaria also grow there.
The fauna of the island is comparatively poor. It consists of foxes, rabbits, weasels, ferrets, porcupines, and birds of prey. The locals claim that wild horses live on the top of Ainos. A rare and protected species of the mediterranean seal lives on the rugged and inaccessible shores. Of particular note are two peculiar phenomena about the animals of the island. Near the "Agia Dynati" mountain, some goats and rabbits have gilt, or silver-plated, teeth due to the make up of the soil. Another rarity concerns the goats of the island. According to the ancient historian Claudius Aelianus, the goats could hold out without water for sixth months, living only on the humid breeze. This has been confirmed by modern-day shepherds.

Farming on the mountainous island of Kefalonia is not a very profitable business. Its inhabitants are forced to emigrate or become traders to make ends meet. However, there are some limited range cultivations which produce oil, Robola wine, and raisins. Stock-breeding is quite developed and produces high quality dairy products. Apiculture is relatively developed and produces pure, sweet-smelling honey.

Kefalonia is a mountainous island. Its largest is mount Ainos, which together with the picturesque beaches and valleys adds to the singular beauty of the landscape. Its summit, the highest in the Ionians, is 1,628 metres high and it is called "Megalos Soros" (Great Heap). The famous Kefalonian fir tree grows on its slopes. Woodcutting and animal grazing have been prohibited since 1966 when the 28,000 acres of the mountain were proclaimed a national park. The top of Ainos, where wild horses are said to live, offers an enchanting view to the sea.

The island of Kefalonia, with few exceptions, has no rivers and lakes. The island's capital, Argostoli, is built in a sheltered bay known as "The Lagoon of Koutavos". Argostoli contains an arched bridge built by the English in 1813 called "The bridge of Drapanos". On the bank opposite of Argostoli, one can see the ruins of the ancient city of Krani. The scenery here is green, full of plane trees and crystal-clear waters. Near the village of Agios Nikolaos, 50 km east of Argostoli, the lakes Avithos and Akoli are situated, 2 km from one another. There is a large quantity of water flowing here from the surrounding areas. Until recently, the depth of these lakes was not known.

Kefalonians are considered singular, energetic, and ingenious people. They are well known for their intelligence, and they are excellent traders. They love to travel, and most of them are seamen. They also love music, singing, and dancing. Their lively and spontaneous way of speaking is a combination of Italian and Greek characteristics. They are a merry lot, always ready to crack a joke or compose impromptu couplets. They love their island very much and are hospitable and polite people. Their special character traits have made them the target of many jokes and anecdotes relating to their adventures.
The women of Kefalonia were always given special regard even when women were considered second-class citizens in the rest of Greece. Depending on their social class, they spoke Italian and knew about music. They were treated as equals to men, and they appeared at social gatherings, dances, and banquets.